Institute of Chemistry, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
Chem Soc Rev. 2012 May 21;41(10):4067-85. doi: 10.1039/c2cs15357b. Epub 2012 Apr 5.
Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) exhibit unique optical and photophysical properties. These features are implemented to develop optical molecular sensor systems. The review addresses the methods to functionalize the QDs with chemical capping layers that enable the use of the resulting hybrid structures for sensing, and discusses the photophysical mechanisms being applied in the different sensor systems. Different methods to design the chemically-modified QDs hybrid structures for sensing low-molecular-weight substrates, metal ions, anions and gases are presented. These include the functionalization of the QDs with ligands that bind ions, the modification of the QDs with substrate-specific ligands or receptor units, and the chemical modification of the QDs upon sensing. Specific emphasis is directed to describe the cooperative catalytic functions of the QDs in the sensing processes, and to address the function of sensing with logic-gate operations.
半导体量子点 (QDs) 表现出独特的光学和光物理性质。这些特性被用于开发光学分子传感器系统。本综述介绍了用化学帽层功能化 QDs 的方法，这些帽层使得可以将所得的混合结构用于传感，并讨论了应用于不同传感器系统的光物理机制。介绍了用于设计用于传感低分子量底物、金属离子、阴离子和气体的化学修饰 QDs 混合结构的不同方法。这些方法包括用结合离子的配体功能化 QDs、用与底物特异性的配体或受体单元修饰 QDs，以及在传感时化学修饰 QDs。特别强调描述了 QDs 在传感过程中的协同催化功能，并解决了逻辑门操作的传感功能。
