Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Bukavu, P.B 285, 2, Michombero Street, South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Diabetes Metab. 2012 Oct;38(4):324-31. doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2012.02.008. Epub 2012 Apr 6.
This study aimed to determine the risk factors for diabetes mellitus (DM) in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Multilevel sampling identified 200 households (444 adults aged ≥ 20 years) from 20 neighbourhoods in the city of Bukavu, and 90 households (255 adults aged ≥ 20 years) from 10 villages in the Kaziba (South Kivu) chiefdom (the South Kivu VITARAA study). DM was defined as a personal history of the disorder or a casual glycaemia greater or equal to 200 mg/dL. Standardization according to age and sample readjustment based on the urban-rural distribution of the population was applied accordance with the typical Congolese population. The probability of DM was assessed by multiple logistic regressions.
Total prevalence of DM was 3.5%. DM was significantly more prevalent in urban areas (age-standardized prevalence: 4.0%) than in rural areas (1.7%). City-dwelling DM patients were characterized by higher rates of indices of abdominal obesity (P < 0.05) whereas, in rural areas, no patients were obese. In the study group as a whole, only 25.0% of diabetic patients were obese. On multivariate analyses, only age [adjusted OR (95% CI): 4.79 (1.60-14.25); P = 0.004] was independently associated with the prevalence of DM, while the effect of obesity was not significant [2.64 (0.99-7.02); P = 0.051].
Age and living in an urban environment appeared to be major determinants of DM in South Kivu. Also, obesity prevalence was relatively low in these diabetic patients, confirming the peculiar, relatively lean, phenotype of type 2 DM in indigenous sub-Saharan Africans.
本研究旨在确定刚果民主共和国东部地区糖尿病（DM）的危险因素。
采用多级抽样方法，在布卡武市的 20 个社区中确定了 200 户家庭（444 名年龄≥20 岁的成年人），在南基伍省的卡齐巴（南基伍）酋长领地的 10 个村庄中确定了 90 户家庭（255 名年龄≥20 岁的成年人）。DM 定义为个人病史或随机血糖≥200mg/dL。根据年龄进行标准化，并根据人口的城乡分布进行样本调整，以符合典型的刚果人群。采用多因素逻辑回归评估 DM 的概率。
DM 的总患病率为 3.5%。城市地区（年龄标准化患病率：4.0%）的 DM 患病率明显高于农村地区（1.7%）。城市 DM 患者的腹部肥胖指数较高（P<0.05），而农村地区无肥胖患者。在整个研究组中，只有 25.0%的糖尿病患者肥胖。多因素分析显示，仅年龄[调整后的 OR（95%CI）：4.79（1.60-14.25）；P=0.004]与 DM 的患病率独立相关，而肥胖的影响不显著[2.64（0.99-7.02）；P=0.051]。
年龄和居住在城市环境似乎是南基伍 DM 的主要决定因素。此外，这些糖尿病患者的肥胖患病率相对较低，证实了在撒哈拉以南非洲土著人群中 2 型 DM 相对较瘦的特殊表型。
