Department of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2012 Dec;126(6):448-57. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2012.01862.x. Epub 2012 Apr 6.
Personality disorders (PDs) have been shown to be modestly heritable. Accurate heritability estimates are, however, dependent on reliable measurement methods, as measurement error deflates heritability. The aim of this study was to estimate the heritability of DSM-IV avoidant and dependent personality disorder, by including two measures of the PDs at two time points.
Data were obtained from a population-based cohort of young adult Norwegian twins, of whom 8045 had completed a self-report questionnaire assessing PD traits. 2794 of these twins subsequently underwent a structured diagnostic interview for DSM-IV PDs. Questionnaire items predicting interview results were selected by multiple regression, and measurement models of the PDs were fitted in Mx.
The heritabilities of the PD factors were 0.64 for avoidant PD and 0.66 for dependent PD. No evidence of common environment, that is, environmental factors that are shared between twins and make them similar, was found. Genetic and environmental contributions to avoidant and dependent PD seemed to be the same across sexes.
The combination of both a questionnaire- and an interview assessment of avoidant and dependent PD results in substantially higher heritabilities than previously found using single-occasion interviews only.
人格障碍 (PD) 具有一定程度的遗传性。然而，准确的遗传力估计取决于可靠的测量方法，因为测量误差会降低遗传力。本研究的目的是通过在两个时间点测量人格障碍的两个指标来估计 DSM-IV 回避型和依赖型人格障碍的遗传性。
数据来自挪威一项基于人群的年轻成人双胞胎队列，其中 8045 人完成了一份评估 PD 特征的自我报告问卷。随后，这些双胞胎中有 2794 人接受了 DSM-IV PD 的结构化诊断访谈。通过多元回归选择预测访谈结果的问卷项目，并在 Mx 中拟合 PD 模型。
回避型 PD 的遗传率为 0.64，依赖型 PD 的遗传率为 0.66。没有发现共同环境的证据，即双胞胎之间共享的使他们相似的环境因素。回避型和依赖型 PD 的遗传和环境贡献似乎在性别之间相同。
使用问卷和访谈评估回避型和依赖型 PD 的组合结果，其遗传率明显高于以前仅使用单次访谈发现的遗传率。
