Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.
Nano Lett. 2012 May 9;12(5):2420-4. doi: 10.1021/nl3004144. Epub 2012 Apr 11.
Replacing the liquid electrolytes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) with solid-state hole-transporting materials (HTMs) may solve the packaging challenge and improve the long-term stability of DSCs. The efficiencies of such solid-state DSCs (ss-DSCs), however, have been far below the efficiencies of their counterparts that use liquid electrolytes, primarily due to the challenges in filling HTMs into thick enough sensitized films based on sintered TiO(2) nanoparticles. Here we report fabrication of high-efficiency ss-DSCs using multilayer TiO(2)-coated ZnO nanowire arrays as the photoanodes. The straight channel between the vertically aligned nanostructures combined with a newly developed multistep HTM filling process allows us to effectively fill sensitized films as thick as 50 μm with the HTMs. The resulting ss-DSCs yield an average power conversion efficiency of 5.65%.
用固态空穴传输材料（HTM）代替染料敏化太阳能电池（DSC）中的液态电解质可能解决封装挑战并提高 DSC 的长期稳定性。然而，这种固态 DSCs（ss-DSCs）的效率远低于使用液态电解质的同类产品，主要是因为在基于烧结 TiO2 纳米颗粒的厚敏化膜中填充 HTM 存在挑战。在这里，我们报告了使用多层 TiO2 涂覆的 ZnO 纳米线阵列作为光阳极来制造高效 ss-DSCs。垂直排列的纳米结构之间的直通通道结合新开发的多步 HTM 填充工艺，使我们能够有效地用 HTM 填充厚达 50 μm 的敏化膜。所得的 ss-DSCs 的平均功率转换效率为 5.65%。
