Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Scientific Institute of Lissone, Institute of Care and Research, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, IRCCS, Via Monsignor Bernasconi 16, Lissone (Milan), Italy.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2012 Aug 1;37(17):E1038-44. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3182579795.
Evaluation of the psychometric properties of a translated and culturally adapted questionnaire.
Translating, culturally adapting, and validating the Italian version of the Neck Disability Index (NDI-I) to allow its use with Italian-speaking patients with neck pain (NP).
More attention is being given to standardized outcome measures to improve interventions for NP. A translated form of the NDI has never been validated in Italian patients with NP.
The NDI-I was developed by forward-backward translation, a final review by an expert committee, and a test of the prefinal version to establish its correspondence with the original English version. The psychometric testing included factor analysis, reliability by internal consistency (Cronbach α) and test-retest reliability (intraclass coefficient correlation), construct validity by comparing NDI-I with the Neck Pain and Disability Scale, a numerical rating scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (Spearman correlation), and sensitivity to change by calculating the smallest detectable change.
The questionnaire was administered to 101 subjects with chronic NP and proved to be acceptable. Factor analysis revealed a 2-factor 10-item solution (explained variance: 56%). The questionnaire showed good internal consistency (α = 0.842) and test-retest reliability (intraclass coefficient correlation = 0.846). Construct validity showed a good correlation with Neck Pain and Disability Scale (ρ = 0.687), moderate correlations with the numerical rating scale (ρ = 0.545), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (ρ = 0.422 for the Anxiety score and ρ = 0.546 for the Depression score), and poor correlations with the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey subscales (ρ = 0.066 to -0.286). The psychometric analyses of the subscales and total scale were similar. The smallest detectable change of the NDI-I was 3.
The NDI was successfully translated into Italian and proved to have a good factorial structure and psychometric properties that replicated the results of other versions. Its use is recommended for research purposes.
评价经翻译和文化调适后的问卷的心理计量学特性。
将颈痛疾患指数量表（NDI）翻译成意大利文并进行文化调适，以使其能用于意大利语母语的颈痛患者。
人们越来越关注标准化结局测量指标，以改善颈痛的干预措施。颈痛患者的 NDI 翻译版从未在意大利患者中得到验证。
通过正向-反向翻译、专家委员会的最终评审以及预终版测试来制定 NDI-I，以建立与原始英文版的对应关系。心理计量学测试包括因子分析、内部一致性（Cronbach α）和重测信度（组内相关系数）的可靠性、与颈痛和残疾量表、数字评分量表、医院焦虑和抑郁量表以及 36 项简明健康调查量表（Spearman 相关系数）的结构效度比较、通过计算最小可检测变化来评估敏感性变化。
问卷被应用于 101 例慢性颈痛患者，结果显示可接受。因子分析显示出 2 个因子 10 个项目的解决方案（解释方差：56%）。问卷具有良好的内部一致性（α=0.842）和重测信度（组内相关系数=0.846）。结构效度与颈痛和残疾量表具有良好的相关性（ρ=0.687），与数字评分量表呈中度相关（ρ=0.545），与医院焦虑和抑郁量表（焦虑评分ρ=0.422，抑郁评分ρ=0.546）相关度较差，与 36 项简明健康调查量表亚量表的相关性较差（ρ=0.066 至-0.286）。子量表和总量表的心理计量学分析相似。NDI-I 的最小可检测变化为 3。
NDI 成功地被翻译成意大利文，且具有良好的因子结构和心理计量学特性，复制了其他版本的结果。建议在研究中使用。
