Sidiq Mohammad, Ramachandran Arunachalam, Janakiraman Balamurugan, Kashoo Faizan Zaffar, Chahal Aksh, Singh Janvhi, Almotairi Yousef, Almotairi Abdul Aziz, Miraj Mohammad, Ch Sai Jaya Prakash, Vajrala Krishna Reddy, Muthukrishnan Ramprasad, Kandakurti Praveen Kumar
Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Madhav University, Abu Road Sirohi Rajasthan, 307026, India.
Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, 203201, India.
F1000Res. 2024 Aug 8;12:1599. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.142451.2. eCollection 2023.
To ensure the validity and therapeutic utility of the Neck disability index (NDI) scale, translations, cultural adaptations and psychometric evidence is necessary. This study aimed to address the absence of a suitable and validated Hindi version of the NDI for the rural population. The specific objectives were to translate, adapt, and evaluate the psychometric properties of the newly developed Hindi version of the NDI.
Following guidelines provided by the American Association of Orthopedic Surgeons, the original English NDI scale was cross-culturally adapted into Hindi. The adaptation process included translations (forward and backward), expert committee review, pre-testing and cognitive debriefing with 30 individuals experiencing chronic non-specific neck pain. The outcome of this process was the creation of the Hindi version of the NDI, termed NDI-Hi. Subsequently, NDI-Hi was administered to 211 participants with neck pain from multiple centers for psychometric testing. The evaluation involved test-retest reliability over a 48-hour interval, factor analysis, assessment of internal reliability measures, and criterion-related validity by comparing it with the NPAD-Hindi version.
The NDI-Hi version exhibited favorable psychometric properties, including good test-retest reliability with an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.87. Internal consistency of the scale was high, indicated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α) of 0.96. The standard error of measurement (SEM) was determined to be 2.58, and the minimal detectable change (MDC) was calculated to be 7.15. Furthermore, the NDI-Hi showed significant correlation with the NPAD-Hindi version, with a correlation coefficient (rho) of 0.86, and a p-value of less than 0.001.
The NDI-Hi demonstrated validity and reliability as an outcome tool for assessing neck disability. It can be effectively utilized in clinical practice and research settings involving Hindi-speaking individuals with chronic non-specific neck pain. The adapted scale is particularly well-suited for the rural Northern Indian Hindi-speaking population.
为确保颈部功能障碍指数（NDI）量表的有效性和治疗实用性，翻译、文化调适及心理测量学证据是必要的。本研究旨在解决农村人口缺乏合适且经过验证的印地语版NDI这一问题。具体目标是翻译、调适并评估新开发的印地语版NDI的心理测量特性。
按照美国骨科医师协会提供的指南，将原始英文版NDI量表进行跨文化调适为印地语版。调适过程包括翻译（正向和反向）、专家委员会审查、预测试以及对30名患有慢性非特异性颈部疼痛的个体进行认知访谈。这一过程的结果是创建了印地语版NDI，称为NDI-Hi。随后，将NDI-Hi应用于来自多个中心的211名颈部疼痛患者进行心理测量测试。评估包括48小时间隔的重测信度、因子分析、内部信度测量评估以及通过与印地语版NPAD比较进行的效标关联效度评估。
NDI-Hi版本表现出良好的心理测量特性，包括重测信度良好，组内相关系数（ICC）为0.87。量表的内部一致性较高，克朗巴赫α系数（α）为0.96表明了这一点。测量标准误（SEM）确定为2.58，最小可检测变化（MDC）计算为7.15。此外，NDI-Hi与印地语版NPAD显示出显著相关性，相关系数（rho）为0.86，p值小于0.001。
NDI-Hi作为评估颈部功能障碍的结果工具，证明了其有效性和可靠性。它可有效地用于涉及患有慢性非特异性颈部疼痛的印地语使用者的临床实践和研究环境中。改编后的量表特别适合印度北部农村讲印地语的人群。
