Wake Forest School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.
Neurosci Lett. 2012 Jun 29;520(2):165-73. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.03.082. Epub 2012 Apr 6.
The cognitive modulation of pain is influenced by a number of factors ranging from attention, beliefs, conditioning, expectations, mood, and the regulation of emotional responses to noxious sensory events. Recently, mindfulness meditation has been found attenuate pain through some of these mechanisms including enhanced cognitive and emotional control, as well as altering the contextual evaluation of sensory events. This review discusses the brain mechanisms involved in mindfulness meditation-related pain relief across different meditative techniques, expertise and training levels, experimental procedures, and neuroimaging methodologies. Converging lines of neuroimaging evidence reveal that mindfulness meditation-related pain relief is associated with unique appraisal cognitive processes depending on expertise level and meditation tradition. Moreover, it is postulated that mindfulness meditation-related pain relief may share a common final pathway with other cognitive techniques in the modulation of pain.
疼痛的认知调节受到多种因素的影响，包括注意力、信念、条件作用、期望、情绪以及对有害感觉事件的情绪反应的调节。最近，正念冥想已被发现通过一些机制来减轻疼痛，包括增强认知和情绪控制，以及改变对感觉事件的背景评估。这篇综述讨论了不同的冥想技术、专业知识和训练水平、实验程序和神经影像学方法中涉及的与正念冥想相关的疼痛缓解的大脑机制。神经影像学的证据表明，正念冥想相关的疼痛缓解与依赖专业知识水平和冥想传统的独特评价认知过程有关。此外，有人假设正念冥想相关的疼痛缓解可能与其他认知技术在疼痛调节方面有共同的最终途径。
