San Carlo Clinic, Paderno Dugnano, Milano, Italy.
J Cell Physiol. 2012 Dec;227(12):3744-8. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24096.
An excessive food supply has resulted in an increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity, conditions accompanied by serious health problems. Several studies have confirmed the significant inverse correlation between testosterone and obesity. Indeed after decades of intense controversy, a consensus has emerged that androgens are important regulators of fat mass and distribution in mammals and that androgen status affects cellularity in vivo. The high correlation of testosterone levels with body composition and its contribution to the balance of lipid metabolism are also suggested by the fact that testosterone lowering is associated with important clinical disorders such as dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome and diabetes. In contrast, testosterone supplementation therapy in hypogonadic men has been shown to improve the lipid profile by lowering cholesterol, blood sugar and insulin resistance. Leptin, ghrelin and adiponectin are some of the substances related to feeding as well as androgen regulation. Thus, complex and delicate mechanisms appear to link androgens with various tissues (liver, adipose tissue, muscles, coronary arteries and heart) and the subtle alteration of some of these interactions might be the cause of correlated diseases. This review underlines some aspects regarding the high correlations between testosterone physiology and body fat composition.
食物供应过剩导致超重和肥胖的发病率不断上升，这些情况伴随着严重的健康问题。多项研究证实，睾丸激素与肥胖之间存在显著的负相关。事实上，经过几十年的激烈争论，人们已经达成共识，即雄激素是哺乳动物脂肪量和分布的重要调节剂，雄激素状态会影响体内细胞的活力。睾丸激素水平与身体成分的高度相关性及其对脂质代谢平衡的贡献，也可以从以下事实中得到证明，即睾丸激素降低与脂代谢紊乱、动脉粥样硬化、心血管疾病、代谢综合征和糖尿病等重要临床疾病有关。相比之下，在性腺功能减退的男性中补充睾丸激素已被证明可通过降低胆固醇、血糖和胰岛素抵抗来改善血脂谱。瘦素、胃饥饿素和脂联素是与喂养以及雄激素调节有关的一些物质。因此，复杂而微妙的机制似乎将雄激素与各种组织（肝脏、脂肪组织、肌肉、冠状动脉和心脏）联系起来，而这些相互作用的一些细微改变可能是相关疾病的原因。这篇综述强调了睾丸激素生理学和体脂肪组成之间高度相关性的一些方面。
