School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
Vet Parasitol. 2012 Sep 30;189(1):65-74. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.03.033. Epub 2012 Mar 24.
Microscopy still remains the gold standard procedure for the diagnosis of many protozoan infections in animals, but the specific identification requires skilled and experienced personnel. Immunoassays, detecting antibodies or specific protozoan antigens, have been developed but often lack sensitivity and specificity due to close relationship between many protozoa. Recent research has focussed almost exclusively on molecular based techniques for the identification and quantification of parasite DNA in samples. Opinion differ on most appropriate targets to use and there are very few diagnostic kits available making comparison between laboratories difficult. Future research needs to focus on robust, cheap field diagnostic assays.
显微镜检查仍然是诊断动物许多原生动物感染的金标准程序，但特定鉴定需要熟练和经验丰富的人员。已经开发了免疫检测，用于检测抗体或特定的原生动物抗原，但由于许多原生动物之间的密切关系，通常缺乏敏感性和特异性。最近的研究几乎完全集中在基于分子的技术上，用于在样本中鉴定和定量寄生虫 DNA。对于使用哪些最合适的靶标存在意见分歧，并且可用的诊断试剂盒非常少，这使得实验室之间的比较变得困难。未来的研究需要集中在强大、廉价的现场诊断检测上。
