Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2012 May;23(5):223-33. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2012.03.002. Epub 2012 Apr 11.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, noncoding RNAs that generally base-pair within the 3' untranslated region of target mRNAs causing translational inhibition and/or mRNA degradation. Estradiol (E(2)) and other estrogen receptor (ER) ligands suppress or stimulate miRNA expression in human breast cancer cells, endometrial cells, rat mammary gland, and mouse uterus, and post-translationally regulate protein expression. Aberrant miRNA expression is implicated in estrogen-related breast and endometrial cancers, and several miRNAs downregulate ERα. The role of estrogen-regulated miRNA expression, the target genes of these miRNAs, and the role of miRNAs in health and disease is a 'hot' area of research that will yield new insight into molecular mechanisms of estrogen action.
微小 RNA（miRNA）是短的非编码 RNA，通常在靶 mRNA 的 3'非翻译区与靶 mRNA 碱基配对，导致翻译抑制和/或 mRNA 降解。雌二醇（E2）和其他雌激素受体（ER）配体抑制或刺激人乳腺癌细胞、子宫内膜细胞、大鼠乳腺和小鼠子宫中的 miRNA 表达，并在后翻译水平上调节蛋白表达。miRNA 表达异常与雌激素相关的乳腺癌和子宫内膜癌有关，并且一些 miRNA 下调 ERα。雌激素调节的 miRNA 表达、这些 miRNA 的靶基因以及 miRNA 在健康和疾病中的作用是一个“热门”研究领域，将为雌激素作用的分子机制提供新的见解。
