Toyota H
Department of Psychology, Nara University of Education.
Shinrigaku Kenkyu. 1990 Jun;61(2):119-22. doi: 10.4992/jjpsy.61.119.
The present study was carried out to investigate the mechanism of retrieval of words in incidental memory. Thirty college students were asked to generate free associates to each target word followed by unexpected free recall and recognition tests. In the free recall test, subjects were instructed to recall both targets and generated associates. The probability of targets which elicited more associates correctly recalled was higher than that of those which did less when their associates previously recalled. The above result was interpreted as showing that the more target words had retrieval route from the generated associates the more they were recalled. False recognition score as an index of between-item elaboration was higher to an associate elicited by three targets than by two or one. No clear effects of between-item elaboration were observed for free recall performance of targets. These results were discussed in term of between-item and within-item elaboration.
本研究旨在探讨附带记忆中单词提取的机制。30名大学生被要求为每个目标词生成自由联想词，随后进行意外的自由回忆和识别测试。在自由回忆测试中，受试者被要求回忆目标词和生成的联想词。当目标词之前回忆出的联想词较多时，引发较多联想词的目标词被正确回忆的概率高于引发较少联想词的目标词。上述结果被解释为表明，目标词从生成的联想词中获得的提取路径越多，就越容易被回忆起来。作为项目间精细加工指标的错误识别分数，由三个目标词引发的联想词比由两个或一个目标词引发的联想词更高。在目标词的自由回忆表现方面，未观察到明显的项目间精细加工效应。根据项目间和项目内精细加工对这些结果进行了讨论。
