Laboratoire d'Imagerie Physiologique et Moléculaire de l'Abdomen et Service de Radiologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 773, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Nord Val de Seine, Beaujon, Clichy, France.
J Hepatol. 2012 Aug;57(2):421-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2012.01.031. Epub 2012 Apr 12.
Gadolinium ethoxybenzyl dimeglumine (Gd-EOB-DTPA, Primovist in Europe and Eovist in the USA) is a liver-specific magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent that has up to 50% hepatobiliary excretion in the normal liver. After intravenous injection, Gd-EOB-DTPA distributes into the vascular and extravascular spaces during the arterial, portal venous and late dynamic phases, and progressively into the hepatocytes and bile ducts during the hepatobiliary phase. The hepatocyte uptake of Gd-EOB-DTPA mainly occurs via the organic anion transporter polypeptides OATP1B1 and B3 located at the sinusoidal membrane and biliary excretion via the multidrug resistance-associated proteins MRP2 at the canalicular membrane. Because of these characteristics, Gd-EOB-DTPA behaves similarly to non-specific gadolinium chelates during the dynamic phases, and adds substantial information during the hepatobiliary phase, improving the detection and characterization of focal liver lesions and diffuse liver disease. This information is particularly relevant for the detection of metastases, and for the detection and characterization of nodular lesions in liver cirrhosis, including early hepatocellular carcinomas. Finally, GD-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging may provide quantitative assessment regarding liver perfusion and hepatocyte function in diffuse liver diseases. The full potential of GD-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging has to be established further. It is already clear that GD-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging provides anatomic and functional information in the setting of focal and diffuse liver disease that is unattainable with magnetic resonance imaging enhanced with non-specific contrast agents.
钆塞酸二钠（Gd-EOB-DTPA，在欧洲称为普美显，在美国称为 Eovist）是一种肝脏特异性磁共振成像对比剂，在正常肝脏中约有 50%通过肝胆途径排泄。静脉注射后，Gd-EOB-DTPA 在动脉期、门静脉期和晚期动态期分布在血管内外间隙，在肝胆期逐渐进入肝细胞和胆管。Gd-EOB-DTPA 的肝细胞摄取主要通过位于窦膜的有机阴离子转运蛋白多肽 OATP1B1 和 B3 以及位于胆管膜的多药耐药相关蛋白 MRP2 进行。由于这些特性，Gd-EOB-DTPA 在动态期的行为类似于非特异性的钆螯合物，而在肝胆期则增加了大量信息，从而提高了对局灶性和弥漫性肝脏疾病的病灶检测和特征描述的能力。这些信息对于转移灶的检测以及肝硬化结节性病变（包括早期肝细胞癌）的检测和特征描述特别重要。最后，GD-EOB-DTPA 增强磁共振成像可能对弥漫性肝脏疾病的肝脏灌注和肝细胞功能提供定量评估。GD-EOB-DTPA 增强磁共振成像的全部潜力有待进一步确定。目前已经清楚的是，GD-EOB-DTPA 增强磁共振成像在局灶性和弥漫性肝脏疾病的情况下提供了磁共振成像增强剂无法提供的解剖学和功能信息。
