Jensen Robert T, Miller Nolan H
UCLA School of Public Affairs, Watson Institute for International Studies, Brown University, NBER.
Rev Econ Stat. 2011 Nov 1;93(4):1205-1223. doi: 10.1162/REST_a_00118. Epub 2011 Oct 14.
Many developing countries use food-price subsidies or controls to improve nutrition. However, subsidizing goods on which households spend a high proportion of their budget can create large wealth effects. Consumers may then substitute towards foods with higher non-nutritional attributes (e.g., taste), but lower nutritional content per unit of currency, weakening or perhaps even reversing the subsidy's intended impact. We analyze data from a randomized program of large price subsidies for poor households in two provinces of China and find no evidence that the subsidies improved nutrition. In fact, it may have had a negative impact for some households. (JEL I38; O12; Q18).
许多发展中国家利用食品价格补贴或管控措施来改善营养状况。然而，对家庭预算中占比很高的商品进行补贴可能会产生巨大的财富效应。消费者可能会转而选择具有较高非营养属性（如口味）但每单位货币营养含量较低的食品，从而削弱甚至可能扭转补贴的预期影响。我们分析了中国两个省份针对贫困家庭实施的大规模价格补贴随机项目的数据，发现没有证据表明补贴改善了营养状况。事实上，对一些家庭而言，补贴可能产生了负面影响。（《经济文献杂志》分类号：I38；O12；Q18）
