Choate Beth, Drummond Francis A
USDA-ARS, North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory, Brookings, SD 57006, USA.
Environ Entomol. 2012 Apr;41(2):222-32. doi: 10.1603/EN11096.
A 6-yr survey (2003-2008) identifying the ant fauna present in Maine lowbush blueberry fields was conducted in Washington and Hancock Counties. Pitfall trapping, leaf litter, and hand collections, as well as protein and sugar baits were used to characterize the resident ant community in this habitat. Estimates of faunal richness as impacted by the blueberry crop stage (pruned or fruit-bearing), methods of pest management (grower standard, reduced-risk, or organic), and location within fields (middle, edge, or forested perimeters) were determined. In total, 42 species were collected from blueberry fields, comprising five subfamilies and 15 genera. Myrmica sculptilis Francoeur, Myrmica americana Weber, and Formica exsectoides Forel were the three most abundant species. Formica ulkei Emery, Myrmecina americana Emery, and Leptothorax canadensis Provancher represent new species records for Maine. Ants were most diverse in organic fields, and along the edge and within the wooded areas surrounding fields. Results suggest insecticide application reduces ant diversity.
在华盛顿县和汉考克县开展了一项为期6年（2003 - 2008年）的调查，以确定缅因州低灌蓝莓田中的蚂蚁种类。采用陷阱诱捕、落叶层收集、手工采集以及蛋白质和糖饵等方法来描述该栖息地中的常驻蚂蚁群落。确定了受蓝莓作物阶段（修剪或结果）、害虫管理方法（种植者标准、低风险或有机）以及田间位置（中部、边缘或森林周边）影响的动物丰富度估计值。总共从蓝莓田中收集到42种蚂蚁，包括5个亚科和15个属。刻纹蚁、美洲蚁和掘穴蚁是数量最多的三种蚂蚁。乌尔凯蚁、美洲蚁和加拿大细胸蚁是缅因州的新物种记录。有机农田以及农田边缘和周边林区的蚂蚁种类最为多样。结果表明，施用杀虫剂会降低蚂蚁的多样性。
