Nanoprobe Laboratory for Bio and Nanotechnology and Biomimetics, Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210-1142, USA.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2012 May 28;370(1967):2381-417. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0502.
Biofouling is generally undesirable for many applications. An overview of the medical, marine and industrial fields susceptible to fouling is presented. Two types of fouling include biofouling from organism colonization and inorganic fouling from non-living particles. Nature offers many solutions to control fouling through various physical and chemical control mechanisms. Examples include low drag, low adhesion, wettability (water repellency and attraction), microtexture, grooming, sloughing, various miscellaneous behaviours and chemical secretions. A survey of nature's flora and fauna was taken in order to discover new antifouling methods that could be mimicked for engineering applications. Antifouling methods currently employed, ranging from coatings to cleaning techniques, are described. New antifouling methods will presumably incorporate a combination of physical and chemical controls.
生物污损在许多应用中通常是不受欢迎的。本文概述了易受生物污损影响的医学、海洋和工业领域。两种类型的生物污损包括生物有机体定殖引起的生物污损和无生命颗粒引起的无机污损。自然界提供了许多解决方案，通过各种物理和化学控制机制来控制污损。例如，低阻力、低附着力、润湿性（疏水性和亲水性）、微观结构、修饰、脱落、各种杂项行为和化学分泌物。对自然界的动植物进行了调查，以便发现可以模仿用于工程应用的新的防污方法。描述了目前使用的防污方法，包括涂料和清洁技术。新的防污方法可能将结合物理和化学控制。
