Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2012 Jul;32(7):288-98. doi: 10.1089/jir.2011.0117. Epub 2012 Apr 17.
Sepsis with subsequent multiple organ dysfunction is a distinctly systemic inflammatory response to concealed or known infection and is a leading cause of death in intensive care units. In the initial stage of sepsis, a phase of immune activation can be evident, but a marked apoptosis-induced depletion of lymphocytes and a nonspecific anergy of immune function after severe trauma and burns might be responsible for the increased susceptibility of the host to subsequent septic complications. Recent studies indicated that negative regulation of immune function plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of peripheral homeostasis and regulation of immune responses; therefore, an understanding of the basic pathways might give rise to novel insights into the mechanisms of sepsis and immune homeostasis. This review is an attempt to provide a summary of the different pathways of negative regulation that are involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis, secondary to acute insults.
脓毒症伴随后续多器官功能障碍是一种明显的全身炎症反应，是对隐匿性或已知感染的反应，也是重症监护病房死亡的主要原因。在脓毒症的初始阶段，可能会出现免疫激活阶段，但在严重创伤和烧伤后，淋巴细胞明显的凋亡诱导耗竭和免疫功能的非特异性无反应性可能导致宿主对随后的脓毒症并发症的易感性增加。最近的研究表明，免疫功能的负向调节在维持外周内环境稳定和调节免疫反应中起着关键作用；因此，对基本途径的理解可能会为脓毒症和免疫稳态的机制提供新的见解。本综述试图对涉及急性损伤后脓毒症发病机制的不同负向调节途径进行总结。
