Lernfelt B, Landahl S, Svanborg A
Department of Geriatric and Long-term Care Medicine, Vasa Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden.
Age Ageing. 1990 Sep;19(5):297-303. doi: 10.1093/ageing/19.5.297.
In a population study of 70-year-old people in Göteborg, Sweden, a representative sample of 449 men and 524 women was followed for nine years. The prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) at age 70 was about 30% in both sexes and did not change up to age 79. Myocardial infarction appeared twice as often in men as in women at age 70 but angina pectoris and ST-T changes on ECG showed no sex difference. Myocardial infarction and probable ischaemia on ECG increased significantly between ages 70 and 79 in both sexes. Half of the men with angina pectoris had a history of myocardial infarction and/or probable ischaemia on ECG criteria compared with 23% of the women. The mortality rate was twice as high in men as in women irrespective of CHD. When CHD was present at age 70 the nine-year mortality was doubled. CHD was shown to be a strong independent risk factor for death also in this age group.
在瑞典哥德堡对70岁人群进行的一项人口研究中，对449名男性和524名女性的代表性样本进行了为期九年的跟踪调查。70岁时冠心病（CHD）的患病率在两性中均约为30%，且在79岁之前没有变化。70岁时，男性心肌梗死的发生率是女性的两倍，但心绞痛和心电图ST-T改变没有性别差异。70岁至79岁之间，两性的心肌梗死和心电图上可能的缺血均显著增加。根据心电图标准，一半患有心绞痛的男性有心肌梗死病史和/或可能的缺血，而女性这一比例为23%。无论是否患有冠心病，男性的死亡率都是女性的两倍。70岁时患有冠心病，九年死亡率会翻倍。在这个年龄组中，冠心病也是导致死亡的一个强大独立危险因素。
