Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated of People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China.
Exp Dermatol. 2012 Jul;21(7):504-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2012.01488.x. Epub 2012 Apr 29.
Melanoblasts (MB) are also called melanocyte (MC) precursor cells. In recent years, people have successfully cultivated human and mouse MB. Previous studies have shown that EDN3 induces cultivated bird MC to re-differentiate into double potential progenitor cells of MB. However, no study has reported whether in vitro cultivated human MC can be dedifferentiated. Our research on MC that were purified and cultivated in vitro found that adding 10 nm endothelin 1 (EDN1) (ET-1) to the MC medium without phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced a few MC to dedifferentiate and become a new type of cell. This new cell type was separated, purified, cloned and identified using multiple approaches. The results show that 88.7%, 8.69% and 2.5% of this new cell type were cells in the G(0) -G(1) , G(2) -M and S stages, respectively. The new cell type did not exhibit an apparent apoptotic peak, and its apoptotic rate was 0.09%. Stage I melanosomes were observed in the cytoplasm and were negative for the DOPA reaction. The cell surface antigen expression was positive for tyrosinase-related protein 2, negative or positive for c-kit and negative for S-100 and HMB45, showing that these cells were dedifferentiated MB of MC. Our findings provided evidence for atavism of mature human MC under certain conditions.
黑素细胞前体细胞（MB）也称为黑素细胞（MC）前体细胞。近年来，人们成功地培养了人类和小鼠的 MB。以前的研究表明，EDN3 诱导培养的鸟类 MC 重新分化为 MB 的双潜能祖细胞。然而，目前尚无研究报道体外培养的人类 MC 是否可以去分化。我们对体外纯化和培养的 MC 的研究发现，在没有佛波醇 12-肉豆蔻酸 13-乙酸酯（PMA）的 MC 培养基中添加 10nm 内皮素 1（EDN1）（ET-1），可诱导少数 MC 去分化并成为一种新型细胞。使用多种方法对这种新型细胞进行了分离、纯化、克隆和鉴定。结果表明，该新型细胞 G(0)-G(1)、G(2)-M 和 S 期的比例分别为 88.7%、8.69%和 2.5%。新型细胞未出现明显的凋亡峰，其凋亡率为 0.09%。细胞质中观察到 I 期黑素小体，DOPA 反应阴性。细胞表面抗原表达酪氨酸酶相关蛋白 2 阳性，c-kit 阴性或阳性，S-100 和 HMB45 阴性，表明这些细胞是 MC 的去分化 MB。我们的研究结果为成熟人类 MC 在某些条件下的返祖现象提供了证据。
