Gastroenterology/Hepatology Division, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, 46202-5121, USA.
Clin Liver Dis. 2012 May;16(2):321-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2012.03.007.
Shortness of breath is a common complaint in those with chronic liver disease. The differential diagnosis for this complaint includes primary pulmonary disorders, systemic disorders that affect the liver and lungs, and extrahepatic manifestations of portal hypertension. Orthotopic liver transplant, when appropriate, is the most effective therapy for many patients with dyspnea and chronic liver disease, although therapies to treat the underlying complications of cirrhosis may provide relief. Shortness of breath in patients with cirrhosis often portends a poor prognosis, and these patients should be evaluated for orthotopic liver transplant because this therapy is most likely to provide long-lasting benefit.
呼吸困难是慢性肝病患者常见的主诉。这种主诉的鉴别诊断包括原发性肺部疾病、影响肝脏和肺部的系统性疾病，以及门脉高压的肝外表现。对于许多呼吸困难和慢性肝病患者，原位肝移植是最有效的治疗方法，尽管治疗肝硬化的潜在并发症的疗法可能会提供缓解。肝硬化患者的呼吸困难通常预示着预后不良，这些患者应接受原位肝移植评估，因为这种治疗最有可能提供持久的益处。
