Loprinzi Paul D, Cardinal Bradley J, Winters-Stone Kerri, Smit Ellen, Loprinzi Charles L
Department of Exercise Science, Bellarmine University, Louisville, KY, USA.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 2012 May 1;39(3):269-74. doi: 10.1188/12.ONF.269-274.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between physical activity and breast cancer mortality and recurrence, and to provide an overview of factors related to physical activity behavior in women with breast cancer.
An extensive review of the epidemiologic literature on the effect of physical activity on breast cancer recurrence and mortality was conducted using PubMed up to December 2010, involving the following key words: physical activity, exercise, breast cancer, breast cancer recurrence, and breast cancer mortality.
For breast cancer recurrence and breast cancer-related mortality, studies were included if physical activity served as the independent variable and a measure of association was reported. To examine determinants of physical activity, studies were included if a hypothesized factor served as the independent variable and a measure of association was reported.
Of the six studies that examined the influence of physical activity on breast cancer mortality, four (67%) reported a protective effect (i.e., inverse association), two examined the influence of physical activity on breast cancer recurrence and reported a nonsignificant risk reduction. Few studies have examined factors that influence physical activity behavior in women with breast cancer, and findings suggest that psychosocial factors play an important role in influencing the activity patterns of breast cancer survivors. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm those findings.
To prevent breast cancer recurrence and breast cancer-related mortality, nurses should encourage breast cancer survivors to engage in regular exercise.
目的/目标：探讨身体活动与乳腺癌死亡率及复发之间的关联，并概述与乳腺癌女性身体活动行为相关的因素。
截至2010年12月，使用PubMed对关于身体活动对乳腺癌复发和死亡率影响的流行病学文献进行了广泛回顾，涉及以下关键词：身体活动、运动、乳腺癌、乳腺癌复发和乳腺癌死亡率。
对于乳腺癌复发和乳腺癌相关死亡率，若将身体活动作为自变量并报告了关联度量，则纳入相关研究。为了研究身体活动的决定因素，若将一个假设因素作为自变量并报告了关联度量，则纳入相关研究。
在六项研究身体活动对乳腺癌死亡率影响的研究中，四项（67%）报告了保护作用（即负相关），两项研究身体活动对乳腺癌复发的影响，报告风险降低不显著。很少有研究探讨影响乳腺癌女性身体活动行为的因素，研究结果表明心理社会因素在影响乳腺癌幸存者的活动模式方面起着重要作用。未来需要进行纵向研究来证实这些发现。
为预防乳腺癌复发和乳腺癌相关死亡率，护士应鼓励乳腺癌幸存者进行定期锻炼。
