Grisso J A, Schwarz D F, Wishner A R, Weene B, Holmes J H, Sutton R L
Clinical Epidemiology Unit, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6095.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1990 Dec;38(12):1326-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1990.tb03456.x.
Even though injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among the elderly in the United States, no comprehensive population-based study of nonfatal and fatal injuries has been carried out in an elderly minority inner-city population. To study injuries in this population, we developed an active surveillance system as part of a large injury prevention program in a poor urban black community. We report 577 cases of nonfatal and fatal injuries in a community of 12,139 persons 65 years of age and older that resulted in emergency room treatment or death between March 1, 1987, and February 29, 1988. Nearly 5% of the elderly population was treated at an emergency room for, or died as a result of, an injury during the study period; the overall injury rate was 48 injuries per 1,000 persons. Injury rates for older women exceeded those for older men and increased with advancing age in both sexes. Fall injuries accounted for 312 (54%) of all injuries and 75% of all hospitalizations for injury. Motor vehicle incidents and violence were the second and third most common injuries, accounting for 13% and 7% of injuries, respectively. Given the predominance of falls relative to other injuries, prevention of falls should receive major emphasis in injury prevention efforts in inner-city minority populations.
尽管在美国老年人中，伤害是导致发病和死亡的主要原因之一，但尚未针对城市少数族裔老年人群体开展过全面的基于人群的非致命和致命伤害研究。为了研究该人群中的伤害情况，我们开发了一个主动监测系统，作为一个贫困城市黑人社区大型伤害预防项目的一部分。我们报告了在1987年3月1日至1988年2月29日期间，一个由12,139名65岁及以上人群组成的社区中发生的577例非致命和致命伤害事件，这些事件导致了急诊治疗或死亡。在研究期间，近5%的老年人口因伤害在急诊室接受治疗或死亡；总体伤害率为每1000人中有48起伤害事件。老年女性的伤害率超过老年男性，且男女伤害率均随年龄增长而上升。跌倒伤害占所有伤害事件的312起（54%），占所有伤害住院病例的75%。机动车事故和暴力分别是第二和第三常见的伤害类型，分别占伤害事件的13%和7%。鉴于跌倒在其他伤害类型中占主导地位，在城市少数族裔人群的伤害预防工作中，应重点强调预防跌倒。
