Dannenberg A L, Baker S P, Li G
Injury Prevention Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
Ann Epidemiol. 1994 Mar;4(2):133-9. doi: 10.1016/1047-2797(94)90059-0.
Injuries are the leading cause of death for females 1 to 34 years old, and a major source of preventable morbidity and mortality in middle-aged and elderly women. In the United States, 43,000 women die from injuries and approximately 1 million women are hospitalized for injuries annually. The leading causes of injury death in women are motor vehicle-related injuries (34%), suicide (14%), falls (14%), and homicide (12%). Injuries of particular concern include fatal and nonfatal falls in elderly women, homicides among young black women, suicides among young white women, work-related homicides among female convenience store workers, and fatal and nonfatal injuries in pregnant and nonpregnant women associated with domestic violence. Strategies to prevent most types of injuries are either known or being investigated. Increased efforts to develop, implement, and evaluate such interventions would help to reduce the toll of injuries on women's health.
伤害是1至34岁女性的主要死因，也是中老年女性可预防发病和死亡的主要原因。在美国，每年有4.3万名女性死于伤害，约100万名女性因伤住院。女性伤害死亡的主要原因是机动车相关伤害（34%）、自杀（14%）、跌倒（14%）和他杀（12%）。特别值得关注的伤害包括老年女性的致命和非致命跌倒、年轻黑人女性中的他杀、年轻白人女性中的自杀、女性便利店工作人员中的工作场所他杀，以及与家庭暴力相关的孕妇和非孕妇的致命和非致命伤害。预防大多数类型伤害的策略要么已知，要么正在研究中。加大力度制定、实施和评估此类干预措施将有助于减少伤害对女性健康造成的损害。
