Booth School of Business, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Psychol Sci. 2012 Jun;23(6):582-8. doi: 10.1177/0956797612437426. Epub 2012 Apr 30.
In the present study, we used experience sampling to measure desires and desire regulation in everyday life. Our analysis included data from 205 adults, who furnished a total of 7,827 reports of their desires over the course of a week. Across various desire domains, results revealed substantial differences in desire frequency and strength, the degree of conflict between desires and other goals, and the likelihood of resisting desire and the success of this resistance. Desires for sleep and sex were experienced most intensively, whereas desires for tobacco and alcohol had the lowest average strength, despite the fact that these substances are thought of as addictive. Desires for leisure and sleep conflicted the most with other goals, and desires for media use and work brought about the most self-control failure. In addition, we observed support for a limited-resource model of self-control employing a novel operationalization of cumulative resource depletion: The frequency and recency of engaging in prior self-control negatively predicted people's success at resisting subsequent desires on the same day.
在本研究中,我们使用经验抽样法来测量日常生活中的欲望和欲望调节。我们的分析包括 205 名成年人的数据,他们在一周的时间内总共提供了 7827 份关于他们欲望的报告。在各种欲望领域,结果显示欲望的频率和强度、欲望与其他目标之间的冲突程度以及抵制欲望的可能性和抵制的成功率存在显著差异。对睡眠和性的欲望体验最为强烈,而对烟草和酒精的欲望平均强度最低,尽管这些物质被认为是成瘾的。对休闲和睡眠的欲望与其他目标冲突最大,而对媒体使用和工作的欲望导致自我控制失败最多。此外,我们观察到对自我控制的有限资源模型的支持,该模型采用了一种新颖的累积资源枯竭的操作化方法:前一天参与自我控制的频率和最近一次参与自我控制的情况会对人们当天抵制后续欲望的成功产生负面影响。