Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
School of Social Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
J Pers. 2021 Aug;89(4):634-651. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12604. Epub 2020 Nov 29.
What strategies do people use to resist desires in their day-to-day life? How effective are these strategies? Do people use different strategies for different desires? This study addresses these questions using experience sampling to examine strategy use in daily life.
Participants (N = 197, M = 20.4, 63% female) reported on their use of six specific strategies (situation modification, distraction, reminding self of goals, promise to give in later, reminder of why it is bad, willpower) to resist desires (4,462 desires reported over a week).
Participants reported using at least one strategy 89% of the time, and more than one strategy 25% of the time. Goal reminders and promises to give in later were more likely to be used for stronger desires. People also preferred different strategies for different types of desires (e.g., eating vs. leisure vs. work, etc.).
In contrast to recent theoretical predictions, we find that many strategies, including inhibition, are similarly effective and that using multiple strategies is especially effective.
人们在日常生活中会使用哪些策略来抵制欲望？这些策略的效果如何？人们是否针对不同的欲望使用不同的策略？本研究通过经验抽样来考察日常生活中的策略使用情况，以回答这些问题。
参与者（N=197，M=20.4，63%为女性）报告了他们使用六种特定策略（情境改变、分心、提醒自己目标、承诺稍后屈服、提醒自己为什么不好、意志力）来抵制欲望（一周内报告了 4462 个欲望）。
参与者报告说，他们在 89%的时间里至少使用了一种策略，在 25%的时间里使用了多种策略。对于更强烈的欲望，目标提醒和承诺稍后屈服更有可能被使用。人们也更喜欢针对不同类型的欲望（例如，饮食与休闲与工作等）使用不同的策略。
与最近的理论预测相反，我们发现许多策略，包括抑制，同样有效，并且使用多种策略尤其有效。
