National Centre for SuicideResearch and Prevention, Institute ofClinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Arch Suicide Res. 2012;16(2):111-23. doi: 10.1080/13811118.2012.667328.
This study describes the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and gender profile of self-harm in a cross-sectional sample of 388 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. All patients were interviewed and assessed with respect to lifetime self-harm and relevant clinical variables. An overall of 49% of the patients reported self-harm which was associated with female gender, having had a depressive episode, younger age at psychosis onset, alcohol abuse or dependence, current suicidality, awareness of illness, and low adherence to prescribed medication. Higher awareness of having a mental disorder was associated with self-harm in men only, while emotional dysregulation was associated with self-harm in women only. We conclude that while self-harm in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders is highly prevalent in both genders, risk factors in men and women differ in several important ways.
这项研究描述了横断面样本中 388 名精神分裂症谱系障碍患者的自残流行率、临床特征和性别特征。所有患者均接受了访谈，并就其一生的自残情况以及相关临床变量进行了评估。总的来说，49%的患者报告有自残行为，这与女性、曾有过抑郁发作、精神病发病年龄较小、酒精滥用或依赖、当前有自杀意念、对疾病的认识以及对规定药物的低依从性有关。更高的精神障碍意识与男性的自残行为有关，而情绪调节障碍与女性的自残行为有关。我们得出结论，尽管精神分裂症谱系障碍患者的自残行为在两性中都很普遍，但男性和女性的风险因素在几个重要方面存在差异。
