Dostalová Tatjana, Hlinakova Petra, Kasparova Magdalena, Rehacek Adam, Vavrickova Lenka, Navrátil Leoš
Department of Paediatric Stomatology, 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Photomed Laser Surg. 2012 May;30(5):275-80. doi: 10.1089/pho.2011.3171.
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a treatment method commonly used in physiotherapy for musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to monitor the function of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and surrounding tissues and compare the objective measurements of the effect of LLLT.
LLLT has been considered effective in reducing pain and muscular tension; thus improving the quality of patients' lives.
TMJ function was evaluated by cephalometric tracing analysis, orthopantomogram, TMJ tomogram, and computer face-bow record. Interalveolar space between central incisors before and after therapy was measured. Patients evaluated pain on the Visual Analog Scale. LLLT was performed in five treatment sessions (energy density of 15.4 J/cm(2)) by semiconductive GaAlAs laser with an output of 280 mW, emitting radiation wavelength of 830 mm. The laser supplied a spot of ~0.2 cm(2).
Baseline comparisons between the healthy patients and patients with low-level laser application show that TMJ pain during function is based on anatomical and function changes in TMJ areas. Significant differences were seen in the posterior and anterior face height. The results comparing healthy and impaired TMJ sagittal condyle paths showed that patients with TMJ pain during function had significantly flatter nonanatomical movement during function. After therapy, the unpleasant feeling was reduced from 27.5 to 4.16 on the pain Visual Analog Scale. The pain had reduced the ability to open the mouth from 34 to 42 mm.
The laser therapy was effective in the improvement of the range of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and promoted a significant reduction of pain symptoms.
低强度激光疗法（LLLT）是物理治疗中常用于治疗肌肉骨骼疾病的一种方法。本研究的目的是监测颞下颌关节（TMJ）及其周围组织的功能，并比较低强度激光疗法效果的客观测量结果。
低强度激光疗法已被认为在减轻疼痛和肌肉紧张方面有效，从而改善患者的生活质量。
通过头影测量分析、曲面断层片、颞下颌关节断层片和计算机面弓记录来评估颞下颌关节功能。测量治疗前后中切牙之间的牙槽间隙。患者使用视觉模拟量表评估疼痛程度。采用输出功率为280 mW、发射波长为830 mm的半导体砷化镓铝激光进行五次治疗（能量密度为15.4 J/cm²）。激光光斑面积约为0.2 cm²。
健康患者与接受低强度激光治疗患者的基线比较表明，功能期间的颞下颌关节疼痛基于颞下颌关节区域的解剖和功能变化。在面部前后高度上存在显著差异。健康与受损颞下颌关节矢状髁突路径的比较结果表明，功能期间有颞下颌关节疼痛的患者在功能期间的非解剖运动明显更平缓。治疗后，疼痛视觉模拟量表上的不适感从27.5降至4.16。疼痛使张口能力从34 mm提高到42 mm。
激光疗法在改善颞下颌关节紊乱症（TMD）范围方面有效，并能显著减轻疼痛症状。
