Forkmann Thomas, Brähler Elmar, Gauggel Siegfried, Glaesmer Heide
Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2012 May;200(5):401-5. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e31825322cf.
The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation in a representative sample of the German general population and examined its relation to potential risk factors. The study sample consisted of 2509 persons. Mean age was 49.4 years (SD, 18.2 years; 55.8% women). Participants filled in the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and two items from the Rasch-based Depression Screening measuring suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation was reported by 8.0% (n = 211) of all participants. People reporting suicidal ideation were less likely to be married or living together with a partner and to have children aged 6 to 13 years and were more likely to be divorced. They reported significantly higher levels of a depressive syndrome (t = 17.78; p < 0.001) and an anxiety syndrome (t = 18.43; p < 0.001). The study showed high point prevalence for suicidal ideation in the general German population. In concordance with results from similar studies in other countries, living alone and reporting anxious and depressive syndromes was associated with suicidal ideation.
本研究旨在确定德国普通人群代表性样本中自杀意念的患病率，并研究其与潜在风险因素的关系。研究样本包括2509人。平均年龄为49.4岁（标准差为18.2岁；女性占55.8%）。参与者填写了医院焦虑抑郁量表以及基于拉施模型的抑郁筛查中测量自杀意念的两个项目。所有参与者中有8.0%（n = 211）报告有自杀意念。报告有自杀意念的人结婚或与伴侣同居以及育有6至13岁子女的可能性较小，离婚的可能性较大。他们报告的抑郁综合征（t = 17.78；p < 0.001）和焦虑综合征水平显著更高（t = 18.43；p < 0.001）。该研究表明德国普通人群中自杀意念的时点患病率较高。与其他国家类似研究的结果一致，独居以及报告有焦虑和抑郁综合征与自杀意念相关。
