Maritime Accident Investigation Branch, Mountbatten House, Grosvenor Square, Southampton, UK.
Appl Ergon. 2012 Nov;43(6):1105-9. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2012.03.012. Epub 2012 May 1.
The use of vertical chute marine evacuation systems (MES) is now well established on board marine passenger vessels; this system has yet to be deployed in an emergency situation, however, it has been associated with a fatality and several major injuries during training. Brunel University's Ethics Committee endorsed an initial retrospective cross sectional study (Harwood and Farrow, 2008) and the present quantitative observational study. Harwood and Farrow (2008) found that the physical, physiological and psychological characteristics of potential evacuees increased the likelihood of injury and adversely affected the reliability of the system.
The validation of factors associated with the adverse outcomes recorded by Harwood and Farrow (2008) during vertical chute MES training, and to assess the hypothesis that evacuee's clothing material will affect the efficiency of the system.
Observational data in a marine training establishment providing a triangulation measurement process of evidence from the retrospective study (Harwood and Farrow, 2008). Subjects were three hundred and seventy five representative participants on training courses for evacuation from a ship into inflated life rafts. The main outcome measures were stopping during descent and exiting the chute in an undesirable position.
6.1% stopped momentarily during descent; 20.3% exited the chute in an undesirable position; on entering the raft 7.7% flipped over and 9.1% had their legs tucked up under their bodies. Independent variables including evacuees' clothing material were statistically significantly associated with adverse outcomes. Participants stopping during descent had an RR of 3.03 (95% CI 1.38, 6.64) for exiting the chute in an undesirable position.
This quantitative observational study broadly supported the results obtained from the retrospective cross sectional study (Harwood and Farrow, 2008). Stopping during descent and evacuee clothing increased the likelihood of undesirable outcomes and impacted on the efficiency of the system.
垂直滑道海上撤离系统（MES）在客船中得到了广泛应用；然而，该系统尚未在紧急情况下使用，但在训练中已导致一起死亡和几起重大伤害事故。布鲁内尔大学伦理委员会批准了一项初步回顾性横断面研究（Harwood 和 Farrow，2008 年）和目前的定量观察研究。Harwood 和 Farrow（2008 年）发现，潜在撤离者的身体、生理和心理特征增加了受伤的可能性，并对系统的可靠性产生了不利影响。
验证与 Harwood 和 Farrow（2008 年）在垂直滑道 MES 训练中记录的不良结果相关的因素，并评估撤离者服装材料会影响系统效率的假设。
在为船舶撤离到充气救生筏而提供培训的海洋培训设施中进行观察性数据，为回顾性研究（Harwood 和 Farrow，2008 年）提供证据的三角测量过程。研究对象是 375 名参加撤离培训课程的代表性参与者。主要观察指标是下降过程中停止和以不适当的位置离开滑道。
6.1%的人在下降过程中短暂停止；20.3%的人以不适当的位置离开滑道；进入救生筏时，7.7%的人翻转，9.1%的人腿部被塞到身体下面。包括撤离者服装材料在内的独立变量与不良结果具有统计学显著相关性。在下降过程中停止的参与者以不适当的位置离开滑道的风险比为 3.03（95%CI 1.38，6.64）。
这项定量观察性研究在很大程度上支持了回顾性横断面研究（Harwood 和 Farrow，2008 年）的结果。下降过程中停止和撤离者服装增加了不良结果的可能性，并影响了系统的效率。
