KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Surface and Corrosion Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Stockholm, Sweden.
Sci Total Environ. 2012 Jun 15;427-428:390-400. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.04.014. Epub 2012 Apr 30.
Continuous daily measurements of airborne particles were conducted during specific periods at an underground platform within the subway system of the city center of Stockholm, Sweden. Main emphasis was placed on number concentration, particle size distribution, soot content (analyzed as elemental and black carbon) and surface area concentration. Conventional measurements of mass concentrations were conducted in parallel as well as analysis of particle morphology, bulk- and surface composition. In addition, the presence of volatile and semi volatile organic compounds within freshly collected particle fractions of PM(10) and PM(2.5) were investigated and grouped according to functional groups. Similar periodic measurements were conducted at street level for comparison. The investigation clearly demonstrates a large dominance in number concentration of airborne nano-sized particles compared to coarse particles in the subway. Out of a mean particle number concentration of 12000 particles/cm(3) (7500 to 20000 particles/cm(3)), only 190 particles/cm(3) were larger than 250 nm. Soot particles from diesel exhaust, and metal-containing particles, primarily iron, were observed in the subway aerosol. Unique measurements on freshly collected subway particle size fractions of PM(10) and PM(2.5) identified several volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds, the presence of carcinogenic aromatic compounds and traces of flame retardants. This interdisciplinary and multi-analytical investigation aims to provide an improved understanding of reported adverse health effects induced by subway aerosols.
在瑞典斯德哥尔摩市中心地铁系统的地下站台内，特定时间段内进行了连续的日常空气颗粒物测量。主要重点放在数量浓度、粒径分布、烟尘含量（分析为元素碳和黑碳）和表面积浓度上。同时进行了质量浓度的常规测量，以及颗粒形态、体相和表面成分的分析。此外，还研究了新鲜采集的 PM(10)和 PM(2.5)颗粒分数中挥发性和半挥发性有机化合物的存在情况，并根据官能团进行了分组。为了进行比较，还在街道水平上进行了类似的定期测量。研究清楚地表明，与地铁中的粗颗粒物相比，空气中纳米尺寸颗粒物在数量浓度上占据主导地位。在平均 12000 个/立方厘米（7500 到 20000 个/立方厘米）的颗粒物浓度中，只有 190 个/立方厘米的颗粒物大于 250 纳米。地铁气溶胶中存在来自柴油尾气的烟尘颗粒和含金属颗粒，主要是铁。对新鲜采集的地铁 PM(10)和 PM(2.5)颗粒大小分数进行的独特测量确定了几种挥发性和半挥发性有机化合物、致癌芳香化合物的存在和阻燃剂的痕迹。这项跨学科和多分析研究旨在提高对地铁气溶胶引起的报告不良健康影响的理解。
