Laboratorio de Investigaciones Biomédicas del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Jun;95(6):1323-34. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.027847. Epub 2012 May 2.
Few studies have investigated the effect of dietary polyphenols on the complex human gut microbiota, and they focused mainly on single polyphenol molecules and select bacterial populations.
The objective was to evaluate the effect of a moderate intake of red wine polyphenols on select gut microbial groups implicated in host health benefits.
Ten healthy male volunteers underwent a randomized, crossover, controlled intervention study. After a washout period, all of the subjects received red wine, the equivalent amount of de-alcoholized red wine, or gin for 20 d each. Total fecal DNA was submitted to polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and real-time quantitative PCR to monitor and quantify changes in fecal microbiota. Several biochemical markers were measured.
The dominant bacterial composition did not remain constant over the different intake periods. Compared with baseline, the daily consumption of red wine polyphenol for 4 wk significantly increased the number of Enterococcus, Prevotella, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides uniformis, Eggerthella lenta, and Blautia coccoides-Eubacterium rectale groups (P < 0.05). In parallel, systolic and diastolic blood pressures and triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and C-reactive protein concentrations decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Moreover, changes in cholesterol and C-reactive protein concentrations were linked to changes in the bifidobacteria number.
This study showed that red wine consumption can significantly modulate the growth of select gut microbiota in humans, which suggests possible prebiotic benefits associated with the inclusion of red wine polyphenols in the diet. This trial was registered at controlled-trials.com as ISRCTN88720134.
很少有研究调查饮食多酚对复杂的人类肠道微生物群的影响，并且这些研究主要集中在单一多酚分子和选择的细菌群体上。
本研究旨在评估适度摄入红葡萄酒多酚对与宿主健康益处相关的选定肠道微生物群的影响。
10 名健康男性志愿者接受了一项随机、交叉、对照干预研究。在洗脱期后，所有受试者分别接受红葡萄酒、等量去酒精红葡萄酒或杜松子酒，每种干预持续 20 天。总粪便 DNA 进行聚合酶链反应（PCR）-变性梯度凝胶电泳和实时定量 PCR 监测和定量粪便微生物群的变化。测量了几种生化标志物。
不同摄入期的优势细菌组成并未保持不变。与基线相比，连续 4 周每天摄入红葡萄酒多酚显著增加了肠球菌、普雷沃氏菌、拟杆菌、双歧杆菌、双歧杆菌均匀、迟缓埃格特菌和布劳特氏菌-真杆菌属的数量（P<0.05）。平行地，收缩压和舒张压以及甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和 C 反应蛋白浓度显著降低（P<0.05）。此外，胆固醇和 C 反应蛋白浓度的变化与双歧杆菌数量的变化相关。
本研究表明，红葡萄酒的摄入可以显著调节人类肠道中选定的微生物群的生长，这表明与在饮食中包含红葡萄酒多酚相关的可能有预生物益处。这项试验在 controlled-trials.com 上注册，注册号为 ISRCTN88720134。
