Wei Min, Chen Hui, Fan Ying-Chuan, Pathai Sophia
Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China.
Int J Ophthalmol. 2010;3(1):83-8. doi: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2010.01.20. Epub 2010 Mar 18.
To describe the prevalence and causes of low vision and blindness in a population within Sichuan province in southwestern China.
A stratified, multi-phased and cluster probability sampling design was employed to enumerate 125641 participants from 40351 households within 38 counties/cities. Participants underwent a comprehensive eye examination, including standardized visual acuity (VA) tests using logarithm of the minimum angle resolution charts. Prevalence was age- and gender-standardized to the 2000 China Census.
Population-weighted prevalence of blindness was 0.77% (95%CI: 0.72-0.82, n=966) and low vision was 1.22% (95%CI: 1.14-1.27, n=1513). Overall, the prevalence of visual disability was 1.40% in the urban population, and 2.22% in the rural population (P<0.01). Cataract was the leading cause of visual disability (55.7%, n=1381), and was of similar frequency in both urban and rural populations. Retinal disease was the second leading cause(9.7%, n=236), but was more common in urban than in rural participants (34.3% vs 2.7%, P<0.01). Corneal disease accounted for 6.5% (n=161) of cases of visual disability, and was more common in the rural population (7.2% vs 3.9%, P=0.006).
We estimate that 1.72 million people suffer from visual disability within Sichuan province, of which 525000 are blind, the focus of blindness prevention should be in rural area.
描述中国西南部四川省某人群中低视力和盲的患病率及病因。
采用分层、多阶段整群概率抽样设计，从38个县/市的40351户家庭中纳入125641名参与者。参与者接受了全面的眼科检查，包括使用最小分辨角对数视力表进行标准化视力（VA）测试。患病率按年龄和性别标准化为2000年中国人口普查数据。
失明的人群加权患病率为0.77%（95%CI：0.72 - 0.82，n = 966），低视力为1.22%（95%CI：1.14 - 1.27，n = 1513）。总体而言，城市人群中视力残疾患病率为1.40%，农村人群为2.22%（P<0.01）。白内障是视力残疾的主要原因（55.7%，n = 1381），在城市和农村人群中的发生率相似。视网膜疾病是第二大主要原因（9.7%，n = 236），但在城市参与者中比农村更常见（34.3%对2.7%，P<0.01）。角膜疾病占视力残疾病例的6.5%（n = 161），在农村人群中更常见（7.2%对3.9%，P = 0.006）。
我们估计四川省有172万人患有视力残疾，其中52.5万人失明，失明预防的重点应在农村地区。
