Du Zhao-Dong, Hu Li-Ting, Zhao Gui-Qiu, Ma Yan, Zhou Zhan-Yu, Jiang Tao
Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China.
Int J Ophthalmol. 2011;4(2):202-6. doi: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2011.02.20. Epub 2011 Apr 18.
To determine the epidemiological characteristics and estimate the risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Shandong Peninsula of China.
The cases of T2DM admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Shandong Province, China, from January 2006 to December 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. The epidemiological characteristics of DR were estimated. The cases were divided into two groups according to degrees of retinopathy: non-DR group and DR group. Logistic regression analysis was used to study the related risk factors of DR.
The prevalence of DR in patients with T2DM was 25.08% (834/3326). There was significant difference between the average age for men (59.08±15.43 years) and for women (62.92±18.19 years, P=0.0021). The majority of DR occurred in women (female: male ratio=1.76:1, P<0.0001). The incidence rate of DR in urban (489/834) was higher than that in rural area (345/834, P<0.0001). In 834 DR patients, the mean duration of T2DM was 8.90±4.15 years (range: 0-16 years); 440 people (52.76%) had received varying degrees of health education about prevention and primary care of DM; and 473 people (56.71%) suffered from other DM complications confirmed at the same time. In addition, the incidence rate of monocular (551/3326) and binocular retinopathy (283/3326) were statistically different (P<0.0001). Factors associated (P<0.05) with the presence of DR included old age, lower health educational level, intraocular surgery history, longer duration of T2DM, accompanying with other DM complications, no standard treatment procedure, lower body mass index (BMI) and higher fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin A(1)C (HbA(1)C), urine albumin (UA), total cholesterol (TC), low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The risk factors (P<0.05) independently associated with the presence of DR were: longer duration of T2DM, lower health educational level, higher FPG, higher UA, lower BMI and higher TC.
DR is highly prevalent in the patients with T2DM in Shandong Peninsula of China. Besides blood glucose, many factors are associated with the present and development of DR.
确定中国山东半岛2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的流行病学特征并评估其危险因素。
回顾性分析2006年1月至2010年12月在中国山东省青岛大学医学院附属医院收治的T2DM患者病例。评估DR的流行病学特征。根据视网膜病变程度将病例分为两组：非DR组和DR组。采用逻辑回归分析研究DR的相关危险因素。
T2DM患者中DR的患病率为25.08%（834/3326）。男性平均年龄（59.08±15.43岁）与女性平均年龄（62.92±18.19岁，P=0.0021）之间存在显著差异。DR大多发生在女性中（女性：男性比例=1.76:1，P<0.0001）。城市地区DR发病率（489/834）高于农村地区（345/834，P<0.0001）。在834例DR患者中，T2DM的平均病程为8.90±4.15年（范围：0 - 16年）；440人（52.76%）接受过不同程度的糖尿病预防和初级保健健康教育；473人（56.71%）同时患有其他确诊的糖尿病并发症。此外，单眼视网膜病变（551/3326）和双眼视网膜病变（283/3326）的发病率存在统计学差异（P<0.0001）。与DR存在相关的因素（P<0.05）包括老年、健康教育水平较低、有眼内手术史、T2DM病程较长、伴有其他糖尿病并发症、无标准治疗程序、较低的体重指数（BMI）以及较高的空腹血糖（FPG）、糖化血红蛋白A1C（HbA1C）、尿白蛋白（UA）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）。与DR存在独立相关的危险因素（P<0.05）为：T2DM病程较长、健康教育水平较低、较高的FPG、较高的UA、较低的BMI以及较高的TC。
DR在中国山东半岛T2DM患者中高度流行。除血糖外，许多因素与DR的发生和发展相关。
