Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Nebraska College of Medicine/Creighton University, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012 May 8;59(19):1665-71. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.09.085.
The patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a normal interatrial communication during fetal life that persists after birth in approximately 1 of every 4 adults. PFO is a potential route for embolic transit from the systemic venous circulation to the brain. Though there is compelling circumstantial evidence implicating PFO, the precise role of PFO in the pathogenesis of cryptogenic stroke is not yet established. Several randomized trials of transcatheter PFO closure versus medical management are ongoing. Results of these trials may improve our ability to select the best treatment for individual patients. Further well-designed studies are necessary to address several unresolved issues related to PFO stroke and PFO migraine pathophysiology, and to identify the patients who would most likely benefit from PFO closure. The purpose of this review is to summarize contemporary understanding, discuss current treatments, and explore some of the knowledge gaps pertaining to the clinical significance of PFO.
卵圆孔未闭（PFO）是胎儿期正常的房间隔交通，约 1/4 的成年人在出生后持续存在。PFO 是从体循环静脉到大脑的栓子转移的潜在途径。尽管有令人信服的间接证据表明 PFO 的存在，但 PFO 在隐源性卒中发病机制中的确切作用尚未确定。目前正在进行几项经导管 PFO 封堵与药物治疗的随机临床试验。这些试验的结果可能会提高我们为个别患者选择最佳治疗方法的能力。需要进一步设计良好的研究来解决与 PFO 卒中及 PFO 偏头痛病理生理学相关的几个未解决的问题，并确定最有可能从 PFO 封堵中获益的患者。本综述的目的是总结目前对 PFO 的认识，讨论当前的治疗方法，并探讨与 PFO 的临床意义相关的一些知识空白。
