Frank David W, Sabatinelli Dean
Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2012 May 1;6:116. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2012.00116. eCollection 2012.
Activity in the human temporoparietal junction (TPJ) and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) is hypothesized to underlie stimulus-driven, or "bottom-up" attention reorienting. Demanding tasks require focused attention, and as task difficulty increases, activity suppression in the ventral network correlates positively with task performance, an effect thought to reflect the gating of irrelevant cues. However, activation in these structures is elicited by a range of stimulus features and task demands that vary across multiple characteristics, complicating the interpretation of the functional role of this pathway. Consideration of several current studies suggests that, in addition to task difficulty, the motivational relevance or emotional intensity of distractor stimuli may supersede ongoing task priority, and evoke ventral network activation. Support for this possibility is offered from a review of recent reports, and the import of this perspective for models of attention reorienting is discussed.
据推测，人类颞顶联合区（TPJ）和额下回（IFG）的活动是刺激驱动型或“自下而上”注意力重新定向的基础。要求较高的任务需要集中注意力，并且随着任务难度的增加，腹侧网络中的活动抑制与任务表现呈正相关，这种效应被认为反映了无关线索的门控作用。然而，这些结构中的激活是由一系列刺激特征和任务需求引发的，这些特征和需求在多个方面存在差异，这使得对该通路功能作用的解释变得复杂。对当前几项研究的思考表明，除了任务难度之外，干扰刺激的动机相关性或情感强度可能会取代当前的任务优先级，并引发腹侧网络激活。近期报告的综述为这种可能性提供了支持，并讨论了这一观点对注意力重新定向模型的重要性。
