Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany.
Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2012 May;32(2):217-32, v. doi: 10.1016/j.iac.2012.04.002. Epub 2012 Apr 17.
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) represents the most common autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease. BP typically affects the elderly and is associated with significant morbidity. It has usually a chronic course with spontaneous exacerbations. The cutaneous manifestations of BP can be extremely protean. While diagnosis of BP in the bullous stage is straightforward, in the non-bullous stage or in atypical variants of BP signs and symptoms are frequently non-specific with eg, only itchy excoriated, eczematous, papular and/or urticarial lesions that may persist for several weeks or months. Diagnosis of BP critically relies on immunopathologic examinations including direct immunofluorescence microscopy and detection of serum autoantibodies by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy or BP180-ELISA.
大疱性类天疱疮（BP）是最常见的自身免疫性表皮下疱病。BP 通常影响老年人，且与显著的发病率相关。它通常具有慢性病程，伴有自发性加重。BP 的皮肤表现极其多样。虽然在大疱阶段诊断 BP 很直接，但在非大疱阶段或 BP 的非典型变异中，体征和症状通常是非特异性的，例如，只有瘙痒、搔抓、湿疹样、丘疹样和/或荨麻疹样皮损，可能持续数周或数月。BP 的诊断关键依赖于免疫病理学检查，包括直接免疫荧光显微镜检查和间接免疫荧光显微镜检查或 BP180-ELISA 检测血清自身抗体。
