Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
Parasitol Res. 2012 Sep;111(3):1025-35. doi: 10.1007/s00436-012-2927-5. Epub 2012 May 6.
Sphaeranthus indicus, Cleistanthus collinus and Murraya koenigii leaf extracts were tested against the third instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus. The plant material was shade dried at room temperature and powdered coarsely. From each plant, 500 g powder was macerated with 1.5 L of hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate sequentially for a period of 72 h each and filtered. The yield of the S. indicus, C. collinus and M. koenigii crude extracts by hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate was 9.16, 11.71 and 10.83 g for S. indicus; 8.17, 10.69 and 9.85 g for C. collinus; and 10.11, 11.92 and 9.87 g for M. koenigii, respectively. The extracts were concentrated at reduced temperature on a rotary vacuum evaporator and stored at a temperature of 4°C. The S. indicus, C. collinus and M. koenigii leaf extracts at 250, 500, 750 and 1,000 ppm caused a significant mortality of C. quinquefasciatus. The LC(50) and LC(90) values of S. indicus, C. collinus and M. koenigii against third instar larvae at 24, 48 and 72 h (hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate) were the following: S. indicus LC(50) values were 544.93, 377.86 and 274.79 ppm and LC(90) values were 1,325.32, 1,572.55 and 1,081.29 ppm at 24 h; C. collinus LC(50) values were 375.34, 318.29 and 226.10 ppm and LC(90) values were 699.65, 1,577.62 and 1,024.92 ppm at 24 h; and M. koenigii LC(50) values were 963.53, 924.85 and 857.62 ppm and LC(90) values were 1,665.12, 1,624.68 and 1,564.37 ppm at 24 h, respectively. However, the highest larval mortality was observed in C. collinus followed by S. indicus and M. koenigii of various concentrations at 24, 48 and 72 h. The study proved that S. indicus, C. collinus and M. koenigii leaf extracts had larvicidal property against species of C. quinquefasciatus. This is an ideal ecofriendly approach for the control of vector control programmes.
水金凤、黑面神和九里香叶提取物对三龄库蚊幼虫进行了测试。植物材料在室温下阴干并粗粉碎。从每种植物中，500g 粉末分别用 1.5L 的己烷、氯仿和乙酸乙酯依次浸泡 72 小时，并过滤。水金凤、黑面神和九里香的粗提取物用己烷、氯仿和乙酸乙酯的得率分别为 9.16、11.71 和 10.83g 水金凤；8.17、10.69 和 9.85g 黑面神；10.11、11.92 和 9.87g 九里香。提取物在旋转真空蒸发器中于减压下浓缩，并在 4°C 下储存。水金凤、黑面神和九里香叶提取物在 250、500、750 和 1000ppm 时对三龄库蚊幼虫有显著的致死作用。水金凤、黑面神和九里香对三龄幼虫在 24、48 和 72 小时（己烷、氯仿和乙酸乙酯）的 LC50 和 LC90 值如下：水金凤 LC50 值分别为 544.93、377.86 和 274.79ppm，LC90 值分别为 1325.32、1572.55 和 1081.29ppm；黑面神 LC50 值分别为 375.34、318.29 和 226.10ppm，LC90 值分别为 699.65、1577.62 和 1024.92ppm；九里香 LC50 值分别为 963.53、924.85 和 857.62ppm，LC90 值分别为 1665.12、1624.68 和 1564.37ppm。然而，在 24、48 和 72 小时，不同浓度的黑面神对库蚊幼虫的致死率最高，其次是水金凤和九里香。该研究证明，水金凤、黑面神和九里香叶提取物对库蚊属有杀幼虫作用。这是一种理想的环保方法，可用于控制病媒控制计划。
