Community Paediatrics Department, St James University Hospital, Leeds, UK.
Arch Dis Child. 2012 Aug;97(8):679-84. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2012-301648. Epub 2012 May 4.
Amid the high income nations the first recognisable child abuse society was founded in the late 19th century in North America, but it was a century before the first global rights-based legislation in the form of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) came into play. In isolation, international legislation is insufficient to protect children but becoming party to international law sends a clear signal to the community and stakeholders that a country is committed to ensuring child protection. Incorporating and implementing the UNCRC and other child protection based legislation on a global scale is not without difficulty and there are many obstacles to fulfilling its principles and monitoring its progress. The author reviews the global pandemic of violence against children and provides an overview of the legislation that has evolved over the last century in response to it. The author also seeks to examine some of the practical difficulties and limitations in implementing global child abuse legislation with reference to three important areas: the prohibition of violence, professional capacity enhancement, and data collection and research. The role of the paediatrician is also discussed in applying a rights-based approach to promoting global child protection.
在高收入国家中，第一个可识别的儿童虐待协会于 19 世纪后期在北美成立，但直到 19 世纪，第一个基于全球权利的立法——《联合国儿童权利公约》（UNCRC）才得以实施。孤立地看，国际立法不足以保护儿童，但加入国际法向社会和利益攸关方发出了一个明确的信号，表明一个国家致力于确保儿童保护。在全球范围内纳入和实施《儿童权利公约》和其他基于儿童保护的立法并非没有困难，在履行其原则和监测其进展方面存在许多障碍。作者回顾了全球范围内针对儿童的暴力行为大流行，并概述了过去一个世纪以来为应对这一问题而演变的立法。作者还试图通过参考三个重要领域，审查在实施全球虐待儿童立法方面的一些实际困难和限制：禁止暴力、专业能力提升以及数据收集和研究。作者还讨论了儿科医生在应用基于权利的方法促进全球儿童保护方面的作用。
