Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York.
J Couns Psychol. 2012 Jul;59(3):379-91. doi: 10.1037/a0028283. Epub 2012 May 7.
Eleven Christian former clients were sampled to uncover factors contributing to positive versus negative experiences in secular psychotherapy. The qualitative results indicated that although many participants felt hesitant to discuss their faith due to uncertainty about their therapists' reactions, positive experiences were reportedly facilitated by therapists' openness to understanding clients' faith and giving clients control over how much, when, and how to discuss their religious beliefs and practices. Dissatisfied clients reported that their therapists expressed opposing religious views or avoided discussing religious or spiritual issues. Participants' self-reports of the working alliance and of their therapists' expertness, attractiveness, and trustworthiness were largely consistent with the narrative data, but the alliance scores were somewhat more sensitive to participants' positive versus negative evaluations of their therapy experience. That is, several participants rated their therapists' personal characteristics quite favorably but indicated poor agreement with their therapists on the goals or tasks of treatment.
选取了 11 位接受过基督教信仰辅导的前来访者样本，旨在揭示在世俗心理疗法中，影响来访者产生积极或消极体验的因素。定性研究结果表明，尽管许多参与者由于不确定治疗师的反应而对讨论自己的信仰感到犹豫不决，但当治疗师对了解来访者的信仰持开放态度，并让来访者控制讨论宗教信仰和实践的程度、时间和方式时，他们报告说会有积极的体验。而对治疗不满意的来访者则报告说，他们的治疗师表达了相反的宗教观点，或者避免讨论宗教或精神问题。参与者对工作联盟以及治疗师的专业性、吸引力和可信度的自我报告在很大程度上与叙述性数据一致，但联盟评分对参与者对治疗体验的积极和消极评价更为敏感。也就是说，一些参与者对他们的治疗师的个人特征评价相当高，但对治疗目标或任务的看法与他们的治疗师存在分歧。
