Happell Brenda, Platania-Phung Chris
Institute for Health and Social Science Research, School of Nursing and Midwifery, CQUniversity Australia, Rockhampton, Qld, Australia.
J Clin Nurs. 2012 Jul;21(13-14):2026-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.04016.x. Epub 2012 May 5.
To determine effectiveness of clinical placements in non-mental health facilities in producing improvement in attitudes toward people with a mental illness and toward mental health nursing in nursing students.
Clinical placements in mental health settings have favourably impacted students' attitudes and confidence in mental health settings. Placement shortages have created discussion about using non-mental health settings to gain this experience, as mental illness is common in all health settings. To date, no research findings support or refute the efficacy of non-mental health settings in influencing confidence and attitudes.
A within-subject design was used. Participants provided self-report data soon after the beginning and at the conclusion of the mental health component.
A questionnaire was administered to a cohort of undergraduate nursing students (n = 66) to measure attitudes, preparedness for practice and interest in mental health nursing as a career, using a pre- and post-test design.
Only 25% of participants completed clinical experience in a mental health facility. Minor improvement in attitudes, confidence and appreciating the nursing role in mental health were identified, but the impact on attitudes was considerably less favourable than when clinical experience was undertaken in a mental health facility.
Participants who completed clinical experience in a non-mental health facility did not demonstrate more favourable views about mental health nursing.
Clinical placements in mental health are essential preparation for undergraduate students to maximise improvement in attitudes to the care of people diagnosed with a mental illness and to mental health nursing.
确定在非精神卫生机构进行临床实习对护理专业学生改善对精神疾病患者的态度以及对精神卫生护理的态度是否有效。
在精神卫生机构进行临床实习对学生在精神卫生环境中的态度和信心产生了积极影响。由于精神疾病在所有卫生机构中都很常见，实习短缺引发了关于利用非精神卫生机构来获得这种经验的讨论。迄今为止，尚无研究结果支持或反驳非精神卫生机构在影响信心和态度方面的有效性。
采用受试者内设计。参与者在精神卫生课程开始后不久和结束时提供自我报告数据。
采用前后测试设计，对一组本科护理专业学生（n = 66）进行问卷调查，以测量他们的态度、实践准备情况以及对精神卫生护理作为职业的兴趣。
只有25%的参与者在精神卫生机构完成了临床实习。发现态度、信心以及对精神卫生护理角色的认识有轻微改善，但与在精神卫生机构进行临床实习相比，对态度的影响要小得多。
在非精神卫生机构完成临床实习的参与者对精神卫生护理并没有表现出更积极的看法。
精神卫生临床实习是本科学生最大限度地改善对被诊断患有精神疾病患者的护理态度以及对精神卫生护理态度的必要准备。
