Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Brazil.
Free Radic Biol Med. 2012;52(11-12):2201-8. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.03.008. Epub 2012 Apr 26.
Knowledge of location and intracellular subcompartmentalization is essential for the understanding of redox processes, because oxidants, owing to their reactive nature, must be generated close to the molecules modified in both signaling and damaging processes. Here we discuss known redox characteristics of various mitochondrial microenvironments. Points covered are the locations of mitochondrial oxidant generation, characteristics of antioxidant systems in various mitochondrial compartments, and diffusion characteristics of oxidants in mitochondria. We also review techniques used to measure redox state in mitochondrial subcompartments, antioxidants targeted to mitochondrial subcompartments, and methodological concerns that must be addressed when using these tools.
了解位置和细胞内亚区室化对于理解氧化还原过程至关重要，因为氧化剂由于其反应性质，必须在信号转导和损伤过程中被修饰的分子附近产生。在这里，我们讨论了各种线粒体微环境的已知氧化还原特性。涵盖的要点包括线粒体氧化剂生成的位置、各种线粒体区室中抗氧化系统的特性以及氧化剂在线粒体中的扩散特性。我们还回顾了用于测量线粒体亚区室氧化还原状态的技术、靶向线粒体亚区室的抗氧化剂以及使用这些工具时必须解决的方法学问题。
