Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Trends Plant Sci. 2012 Aug;17(8):478-86. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2012.04.001. Epub 2012 May 5.
The diversity of microbes associated with plant roots is enormous, in the order of tens of thousands of species. This complex plant-associated microbial community, also referred to as the second genome of the plant, is crucial for plant health. Recent advances in plant-microbe interactions research revealed that plants are able to shape their rhizosphere microbiome, as evidenced by the fact that different plant species host specific microbial communities when grown on the same soil. In this review, we discuss evidence that upon pathogen or insect attack, plants are able to recruit protective microorganisms, and enhance microbial activity to suppress pathogens in the rhizosphere. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms that govern selection and activity of microbial communities by plant roots will provide new opportunities to increase crop production.
与植物根系相关的微生物多样性极其丰富，种类多达数万种。这个复杂的植物相关微生物群落，也被称为植物的第二基因组，对植物的健康至关重要。最近在植物-微生物相互作用研究方面的进展表明，植物能够塑造其根际微生物组，不同的植物物种在同一土壤中生长时会容纳特定的微生物群落，这一事实就证明了这一点。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了这样一种证据，即在受到病原体或昆虫攻击时，植物能够招募保护性微生物，并增强微生物活性以抑制根际中的病原体。全面了解根系控制微生物群落选择和活性的机制，将为提高作物产量提供新的机会。
