Dep. of Plant and Soil Science, Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater 47078-1020, USA.
J Environ Qual. 2012 May-Jun;41(3):672-9. doi: 10.2134/jeq2011.0045.
Reduction of phosphorus (P) inputs to surface waters may decrease eutrophication. Some researchers have proposed filtering dissolved P in runoff with P-sorptive byproducts in structures placed in hydrologically active areas with high soil P concentrations. The objectives of this study were to construct and monitor a P removal structure in a suburban watershed and test the ability of empirically developed flow-through equations to predict structure performance. Steel slag was used as the P sorption material in the P removal structure. Water samples were collected before and after the structure using automatic samples and analyzed for total dissolved P. During the first 5 mo of structure operation, 25% of all dissolved P was removed from rainfall and irrigation events. Phosphorus was removed more efficiently during low flow rate irrigation events with a high retention time than during high flow rate rainfall events with a low retention time. The six largest flow events occurred during storm flow and accounted for 75% of the P entering the structure and 54% of the P removed by the structure. Flow-through equations developed for predicting structure performance produced reasonable estimates of structure "lifetime" (16.8 mo). However, the equations overpredicted cumulative P removal. This was likely due to differences in pH, total Ca and Fe, and alkalinity between the slag used in the structure and the slag used for model development. This suggests the need for an overall model that can predict structure performance based on individual material properties.
减少向地表水中输入磷（P）可能会降低富营养化程度。一些研究人员提出，在土壤 P 浓度高且水文活跃的地区，利用具有 P 吸附能力的副产品在结构中过滤径流中的溶解 P。本研究的目的是在郊区流域建造和监测一个 P 去除结构，并测试经验开发的流动方程预测结构性能的能力。钢渣被用作去除结构中 P 的吸附材料。使用自动取样器在结构前后收集水样，并分析总溶解 P。在结构运行的头 5 个月中，从降雨和灌溉事件中去除了所有溶解 P 的 25%。与低保留时间的高流量降雨事件相比，高流量率灌溉事件中 P 的去除效率更高，保留时间更长。六个最大的流量事件发生在暴洪期间，占进入结构的 P 的 75%和结构去除的 P 的 54%。用于预测结构性能的流动方程对结构的“寿命”（16.8 个月）产生了合理的估计。然而，方程高估了累积 P 的去除量。这可能是由于结构中使用的渣与模型开发中使用的渣之间的 pH 值、总 Ca 和 Fe 以及碱度存在差异。这表明需要一种基于单个材料特性来预测结构性能的整体模型。
