Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Molecules. 2012 May 7;17(5):5310-8. doi: 10.3390/molecules17055310.
In this work, we have evaluated the molluscicidal activity of two cardenolide extracts from Adenium arabicum Balf f. [the benzene (B) and methanol (M) extracts], one cardenolide extract from Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T. Aiton (extract C), and methomyl against the harmful land snail Monacha cantiana (Montagu). The contact LD₅₀ values for the above mentioned plant extracts were 12.62, 34.63, and 34.35 mg·kg⁻¹ of body weight, respectively, while the LD₅₀ for methomyl was 116.62 mg·kg⁻¹, that is, the plant extracts were 9.24, 3.37, and 3.4 times more toxic than methomyl. In addition, a simple colorimetric method, based on Kedde reagent, was modified to determine cardenolide concentrations in plant extracts. Thin layer chromatography analysis (TLC) showed several cardiac glycosidal compounds in each plant extract. The results proved that cardiac glycosides are promising candidate compounds that could be used to control land snails, or exploited to develop new, effective, and environmentally friendly molluscicides.
在这项工作中，我们评估了两种来自腺萼木（Adenium arabicum Balf f.）的强心苷提取物（苯（B）和甲醇（M）提取物）、一种来自牛角瓜（Calotropis procera（Aiton）W.T. Aiton）的强心苷提取物（提取物 C）和灭多威对有害陆地蜗牛曼氏无齿蜗牛（Monacha cantiana（Montagu））的杀螺活性。上述植物提取物的触杀 LD₅₀ 值分别为 12.62、34.63 和 34.35mg·kg⁻¹体重，而灭多威的 LD₅₀ 值为 116.62mg·kg⁻¹，即植物提取物比灭多威分别毒 9.24、3.37 和 3.4 倍。此外，还基于 Kedde 试剂对一种简单的比色法进行了修改，以测定植物提取物中的强心苷浓度。薄层色谱分析（TLC）显示每种植物提取物中都含有几种强心苷类化合物。结果证明，强心苷是有前途的候选化合物，可用于控制陆地蜗牛，或用于开发新的、有效和环保的杀螺剂。
