Torres López Teresa M, Guerrero Cordero Joana Lizeth, Salazar Estrada José Guadalupe
Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Salud Pública, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2012 Mar;31(3):197-203.
To describe the cultural dimensions that might help or hinder dengue prevention in two Mexican localities having different experiences related to this disease.
A cognitive-cultural anthropological study was conducted involving the participation of 160 adults selected through purposeful sampling. The techniques of free lists and pile-sorting were used for investigating terms associated with the concept "dengue." A consensus analysis was carried out by the factoring of principal components, hierarchical cluster analysis, and multidimensional scaling.
Greater consensus was observed among participants from the population having more historical experience with dengue-Santiago Ixcuintla, Nayarit-as well as more structured cultural and complex dimensions than in Guadalajara. In the latter case, participants showed a more fragmented conception of dengue, with insufficient information on its symptoms, mechanisms of transmission, and vector reservoirs. Three cultural dimensions were identified as hindering dengue prevention: confusing and insufficient information, placing responsibility for prevention on other people or on public agencies, and excessive confidence in fumigation as a preventive measure.
These obstacles will need to be taken into account in the design and implementation of future prevention campaigns, disseminating information that explains the risks of fumigation and the importance of citizens and authorities jointly participating in the search for a comprehensive and sustainable solution to the dengue problem.
描述在墨西哥两个与登革热有着不同经历的地区，可能有助于或阻碍登革热预防工作的文化维度。
开展了一项认知文化人类学研究，通过目的抽样选取了160名成年人参与。使用自由列举法和分类法来调查与“登革热”概念相关的词汇。通过主成分因子分析、层次聚类分析和多维尺度分析进行共识分析。
与纳亚里特州的圣地亚哥 - 伊克昆特拉相比，在登革热方面有更多历史经验的人群中的参与者之间达成了更大的共识，其文化维度更具结构性和复杂性。而在瓜达拉哈拉，参与者对登革热的概念更为零散，对其症状、传播机制和病媒宿主的信息了解不足。确定了三个阻碍登革热预防的文化维度：信息混乱且不足、将预防责任归咎于他人或公共机构、对熏蒸作为预防措施过度自信。
在未来预防活动的设计和实施中需要考虑这些障碍，传播解释熏蒸风险以及公民和当局共同参与寻求登革热问题全面可持续解决方案的重要性的信息。
