Brauer Lindsay, Lewin Adam B, Storch Eric A
Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, U.S.A.
Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2011;48(4):280-7.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is marked by incessant distressing thoughts or images (obsessions) and/or overt or covert behaviors (or mental rituals) aimed to reduce anxiety (compulsions). The disorder affects 1-2% of children and adults, with up to 80% of adults reporting symptom onset prior to the age of 18 years. Without appropriate intervention, symptoms tend to run a chronic course from childhood into adulthood. Obsessive-compulsive disorder contributes to considerable impairment across multiple domains of functioning, and as a result calls for effective and efficient treatment. To date, both psychological and pharmacological interventions have shown efficacy for pediatric OCD although there are associated advantages and disadvantages that must be considered in treatment planning. The intent of this review is to discuss the current state of literature regarding treatment for pediatric OCD, highlight efficient and cost-effective means of reducing impairment, and conclude with directions for future study.
强迫症（OCD）的特征是持续出现令人痛苦的想法或意象（强迫观念）和/或旨在减轻焦虑的公开或隐蔽行为（或心理仪式）（强迫行为）。这种疾病影响1%至2%的儿童和成年人，多达80%的成年人报告症状在18岁之前出现。如果没有适当的干预，症状往往会从儿童期持续到成年期，呈慢性病程。强迫症会在多个功能领域造成相当大的损害，因此需要有效且高效的治疗。迄今为止，心理和药物干预对儿童强迫症均显示出疗效，不过在制定治疗方案时必须考虑到相关的优缺点。本综述的目的是讨论关于儿童强迫症治疗的当前文献状况，强调减少损害的高效且具成本效益的方法，并以未来研究方向作为结论。
