Helbing Mary-Lee C, Ficca Michelle
Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA.
J Sch Nurs. 2009 Feb;25(1):15-26. doi: 10.1177/1059840508328199.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder characterized by disturbing thoughts, impulses, or images (obsessions); repetitive or ritualistic behaviors (compulsions); or the presence of both. Although some may believe this disorder is isolated to the adult population, it affects anywhere from 1% to 4% of children in the United States. However, symptom presentation of this psychiatric condition may be different in the pediatric population. School-age children who are affected by the condition or their parents may attempt to hide these behaviors due to embarrassment or fear of peer victimization. If left untreated, OCD can interfere with the ability to play, socialize, attend school, and function as a part of a family, ultimately affecting success not only in school but in life. It is imperative school nurses are aware of this condition, its symptoms, and treatments and techniques to help students with OCD cope effectively.
强迫症（OCD）是一种焦虑症，其特征为令人不安的想法、冲动或意象（强迫观念）；重复性或仪式化行为（强迫行为）；或两者皆有。尽管有些人可能认为这种疾病仅见于成年人，但在美国，它影响着1%至4%的儿童。然而，这种精神疾病在儿童群体中的症状表现可能有所不同。受该疾病影响的学龄儿童或其父母可能会因尴尬或害怕被同伴欺负而试图隐瞒这些行为。如果不进行治疗，强迫症会干扰玩耍、社交、上学的能力，以及作为家庭一员的正常功能，最终不仅影响学业，还会影响生活中的成功。学校护士必须了解这种疾病、其症状以及帮助强迫症学生有效应对的治疗方法和技巧。
