角膜塑形术对儿童近视眼轴增长的长期影响：5 年随访研究。

Long-term effect of overnight orthokeratology on axial length elongation in childhood myopia: a 5-year follow-up study.

机构信息

Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.

出版信息

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 Jun 22;53(7):3913-9. doi: 10.1167/iovs.11-8453.

DOI:10.1167/iovs.11-8453

PMID:22577080

Abstract

PURPOSE

Our prospective study was conducted to compare axial length elongation in myopic children receiving long-term overnight orthokeratology (OK) treatment to those wearing spectacles as controls.

METHODS

There were 59 subjects enrolled in this study. The OK group comprised 29 subjects who matched the inclusion criteria for OK. The control group comprised 30 subjects who also matched the inclusion criteria for OK, but preferred spectacles for myopia correction. Axial length was measured periodically for 5 years using an IOLMaster device, and the time course of changes was evaluated and compared between the groups.

RESULTS

A total of 43 subjects (22 and 21 in the OK and control groups, respectively) completed the 5-year follow-up examinations. At baseline, the mean age ± SD was 10.04 ± 1.43 and 9.95 ± 1.59 years, the spherical equivalent refractive error was -1.89 ± 0.82 and -1.83 ± 1.06 diopters (D), and the axial length was 24.09 ± 0.77 and 24.22 ± 0.71 mm in the OK and control groups, respectively, with no significant differences between the groups. The increase in axial length during the 5-year study period was 0.99 ± 0.47 and 1.41 ± 0.68 mm for the OK and control groups, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.0236, unpaired t-test). The annual increases in axial length were significantly different between the groups for the first (P = 0.0002), second (P = 0.0476), and third years (P = 0.0385), but not for the fourth (P = 0.0938) and fifth (P = 0.8633) years. There were no severe complications throughout the study period.

CONCLUSIONS

The current 5-year follow-up study indicated that OK can suppress axial length elongation in childhood myopia.

摘要

目的

我们前瞻性研究比较了长期夜间角膜塑形术（OK）治疗的近视儿童和作为对照的戴眼镜儿童的眼轴伸长情况。

方法

本研究共纳入 59 例符合 OK 纳入标准的受试者。OK 组 29 例，对照组 30 例，同样符合 OK 纳入标准，但选择眼镜矫正近视。使用 IOLMaster 设备定期测量眼轴长度 5 年，评估并比较两组眼轴变化的时间过程。

结果

共有 43 例（OK 组和对照组分别为 22 例和 21 例）完成了 5 年随访检查。基线时，两组平均年龄（标准差）分别为 10.04（1.43）岁和 9.95（1.59）岁，等效球镜屈光度分别为-1.89（0.82）D 和-1.83（1.06）D，眼轴长度分别为 24.09（0.77）mm 和 24.22（0.71）mm，两组间差异无统计学意义。5 年研究期间，眼轴长度的增加分别为 OK 组 0.99（0.47）mm 和对照组 1.41（0.68）mm，差异有统计学意义（P=0.0236，非配对 t 检验）。组间每年眼轴长度的增加在第 1 年（P=0.0002）、第 2 年（P=0.0476）和第 3 年（P=0.0385）差异有统计学意义，但在第 4 年（P=0.0938）和第 5 年（P=0.8633）差异无统计学意义。整个研究期间无严重并发症。