Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX 79905, USA.
Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2012 Dec;12(10):1185-202. doi: 10.2174/187152012803833008.
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women in the United States and many other countries. There is an immediate need for more effective and less toxic therapeutic and preventive strategies for many cancers, especially for breast cancer. Natural products are being tested with a hope of identifying novel potent molecules as anticancer agents. Phytochemicals and dietary compounds have been used for the treatment of various illnesses throughout history due to their safety, low toxicity, and general availability. Currently, many active phytochemicals are in clinical trials. Preclinical and clinical studies have indicated that daily consumption of dietary phytochemicals reduces the risk of several cancers. Phytochemicals can inhibit, delay, or reverse carcinogenesis by inducing detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes, by regulating inflammatory/proliferative signaling pathways, and by inducing apoptosis. This review article describes some of the potential natural cancer preventive compounds, along with a mechanistic discussion of their interactions with key cellular signal transduction pathways as well as their contribution to the suppression of breast cancer cell growth.
乳腺癌是美国和许多其他国家女性癌症相关死亡的主要原因。目前迫切需要针对许多癌症（尤其是乳腺癌）开发更有效且毒性更低的治疗和预防策略。天然产物正在被测试，希望能确定新型有效的抗癌药物。由于安全性高、毒性低且易于获取，历史上植物化学物质和膳食化合物一直被用于治疗各种疾病。目前，许多活性植物化学物质正在临床试验中。临床前和临床研究表明，每天摄入膳食植物化学物质可降低多种癌症的风险。植物化学物质可以通过诱导解毒和抗氧化酶、调节炎症/增殖信号通路以及诱导细胞凋亡来抑制、延缓或逆转癌变。本文综述了一些具有潜在预防癌症作用的天然化合物，讨论了它们与关键细胞信号转导通路相互作用的机制，以及它们对抑制乳腺癌细胞生长的贡献。
