Pasche Sonja, Myers Bronwyn
Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Hum Psychopharmacol. 2012 May;27(3):338-41. doi: 10.1002/hup.2228.
This paper, the first in a series related to the Joint European South African Research Network in Anxiety Disorders programme, examines substance use trends in South Africa. Alcohol remains the substance with the greatest burden of harm. Yet, trends vary by region, with for example methamphetamine being a major driver of psychiatric and substance abuse treatment demand in the Western Cape province. Heroin use is increasing in several provinces, where rapid intervention is required to avoid an epidemic. In particular, the state (the main funder of drug services) urgently needs to provide opioid substitution treatment. Apart from an inadequate number of treatment services, barriers to treatment are high. Barriers are predominantly cost, transport and resource related. Services are also impacted by a small and inadequately trained workforce and poor integration with mental health services. To adequately intervene with substance use disorders, South Africa needs an evidence-based policy and service planning framework that forges linkages with the mental health service system.
本文是与欧洲-南非焦虑症联合研究网络项目相关系列文章中的第一篇，探讨了南非的物质使用趋势。酒精仍然是危害负担最大的物质。然而，不同地区的趋势有所不同，例如，甲基苯丙胺是西开普省精神疾病和物质滥用治疗需求的主要驱动因素。几个省份的海洛因使用呈上升趋势，需要迅速干预以避免流行。特别是，国家（毒品服务的主要资助者）迫切需要提供阿片类药物替代治疗。除了治疗服务数量不足外，治疗障碍也很高。障碍主要与成本、交通和资源有关。服务还受到工作人员数量少、培训不足以及与心理健康服务整合不佳的影响。为了充分干预物质使用障碍，南非需要一个基于证据的政策和服务规划框架，该框架要与心理健康服务系统建立联系。
