Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India.
J Environ Manage. 2012 Sep 30;107:84-95. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.04.013. Epub 2012 May 16.
Community Based Mangrove Management (CBMM) has been advocated by both academia and governing agencies as a viable alternative for sustainably managing the ecologically important mangrove forests which are disappearing rapidly worldwide. Drawing insights from diverse sustainability issues, capabilities and performances of worldwide CBMM initiatives were examined in this paper. Higher numbers of CBMM initiatives were reported from South Asia and lesser from South America and Africa. Identification of the causes of degradation at a site and use-specific zonal replantations with respect to species associations were identified as major criteria of ecological sustainability. Regarding economic sustainability, transformation of potential uses of mangroves known by local communities into actual ones was found to be necessary. Proper disbursement of accrued benefits among community members irrespective of their socio-cultural status is also a major concern. Restructuring of CBMM institutions by ensuring participation of subsistence based users in decision-making and resource sharing have been identified as a prime determinant of institutional sustainability. However, limited number of studies on socio-political and institutional aspects as well as impacts of globalization induced socio-cultural transformations of communities on CBMM had been actually found. More focused researches on these aspects had been recommended for better community management of these highly stressed forests.
社区主导的红树林管理（CBMM）已经得到学术界和管理机构的广泛支持，是可持续管理全球范围内快速消失的生态重要红树林的可行替代方案。本文借鉴了各种可持续性问题的经验，对全球 CBMM 倡议的能力和绩效进行了研究。南亚地区报告的 CBMM 倡议数量较多，而南美洲和非洲则较少。在生态可持续性方面，确定了在特定区域进行退化原因识别和特定用途的带状再造林，以及根据物种关系进行的再造林，这是主要标准。关于经济可持续性，需要将当地社区已知的红树林潜在用途转化为实际用途。确保社区成员无论其社会文化地位如何，都能公平地分配收益，这也是一个主要关注点。通过确保生计型用户参与决策和资源共享，对 CBMM 机构进行重组，被确定为制度可持续性的主要决定因素。然而，实际上，关于社会政治和制度方面以及全球化引起的社区社会文化转型对 CBMM 的影响的研究数量有限。建议对这些方面进行更有针对性的研究，以更好地管理这些高度紧张的森林。
